解释中国外贸竞争力
2002年初，中国提出了2010年外贸总量达到一万亿元的中长期目标。现在看来，可提前六年实现。据世贸组织统计，中国进出口总额的排名去年上升到第四位，列在美国、欧盟和日本之后，其中进口位居全球第三，超过了日本。这样高速的增长，说明中国国际竞争力在迅速提高。
从中国的实际情况来看，中国的竞争力优势主要体现在三个突出方面：
首先是政策竞争力的优势，主要体现在中国放宽市场和行业的准入、促进贸易自由化。
二是中国加工制造业的产业优势。
这个优势的形成跟中国引进外资政策有关；外资与中国良好的基础设施、完备的产业部门和劳动力的优势集合，使中国的加工制造业规模和技术水平
In the beginning of 2002, China set out the objective of hitting the 1000 billion U.S. dollars target by 2010 in the realm of international trade. As things presently stand, the target is attainable six years ahead of schedule. According to WTO statistics, China has already risen to the fourth position in 2003, after U.S., the European Union and Japan. In the realm of imports, China has even overtaken Japan in the third position. Such high rates of growth speak clearly of the fast-ascending competitive power of China.
Such competitive power is manifested in three major respects. First, it reflects the degree of liberalization of China's policies towards external trade. Second, it speaks of the competitive edge of
大幅度提高。
三是产品的低成本优势，主要表现在劳动力的“质优价廉”。
中国在竞争力的提升上亦面临着三大问题，一是外贸环境不平衡，贸易摩擦时有发生；二是低价格、高物耗的粗放式发展模式未能根本改观；三是出口产品对国际标准不太适应，许多出口产品往往在新技术标准、环保标准、劳工标准面前止步。
China's processing industries, which in turn is attributable to several positive factors, namely China's foreign investment policy, its well-built infrastructure as well as its abundant manpower resources. Third, it reflects the low-cost advantage of China's products.
It needs to be pointed out that alongside with the above advantages, China does face several major problems. First, the external environment can at times be hostile and trade conflicts are not infrequent. Second, China is heavily relying on the low cost, high material and high energy consumption model, which is not inductive to the development of long-term competitive advantage. Third, many of China's exporters are not entirely familiar with the standards and requirements of the importing countries.
代理商 agent 离岸价格 FOB; free on board
批发商 wholesaler 商品检验 commodity inspection
出发港 port of departure 出口检验 export inspection
到达港 port of destination 产品规格 product specification
出口限额制度 export quota system 商品检验证明书 commodity inspection certificate
出口许可证 export licence 销售合同 sales contract
出口管制 export control 汇票 bill of exchange
到岸价格 CIF; cost, insurance and freight 现金支付 cash payment
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