温家宝总理接受《华盛顿邮报》总编唐尼采访(6)
唐:达赖喇嘛表示无意寻求西藏独立,中国政府代表是否会与达赖及其代表见面谈判?
Q: Another subject in discussions between the United States and China on occasion is Tibet. The Dalai Lama has declared that he is not seeking independence for Tibet. And I believe former President Jiang Zemin had said on one occasion that he was willing to meet with the Dalai Lama to discuss the situation. Do you foresee face-to-face meetings with the Dalai Lama and representatives of China?
温:遗憾的是,达赖喇嘛并没有真正放弃“藏独”立场,没有停止分裂祖国的活动,也没有承认台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
我们注意到他近期的一些言论,但还要听其言,观其行。只要达赖喇嘛真正放弃“藏独”的主张,承认西藏是中国领土不可分割的一部分,台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分,我们就可以恢复同他的接触和商谈。中央政府同达赖喇嘛接触的大门是敞开的。
A: Regrettably, the Dalai Lama has not genuinely given up his position of Tibet independence and has not given up the separatist activities aimed at splitting the motherland. He also has not recognized that Taiwan is an inalienable part of Chinese territory.
We have taken note of the recent remarks by the Dalai Lama but we still need to watch very carefully what he really does. So long as he genuinely abandons his position on seeking Tibetan independence and publicly recognizes that Tibet and Taiwan are inalienable parts of Chinese territory, then contacts between him and the central government can resume and we can resume the discussions with him. The door to communication between the central government and the Dalai Lama is wide open.
唐:中国的经济改革发展迅速,使得中国在短期内取得高速增长。中国的政治改革是否需要跟上经济改革的步伐?
Q: China's economic performance has been very rapid in recent years, creating a very strong Chinese economy, and great economic growth in a short period of time. Do you also believe political reform should be accelerated to keep pace with economic reform?
温:从1978年开始的中国改革是全面的改革,不仅包括经济体制改革,而且包括政治体制改革。正如邓小平先生所说,没有政治体制改革作保证,经济体制改革不可能成功。我们进行的政治体制改革,从本质上说,是要把加强党的领导、依法治国和人民当家作主统一起来。
当前最重要的是做好这样几件事:第一、发展民主,保障人民的民主权利和人权。第二、完善法制,加强立法,依法行政,推进司法改革。第三、依法治国,使我们的社会主义民主政治法制化、规范化和程序化。使这种制度不因领导人的改变而改变,不因领导人的看法、注意力的改变而改变。第四、加强监督,特别是人民对政府的监督。只有发扬民主,加强监督,政府才不敢懈怠,才不会人亡政息。
A: China embarked on the road to reform and opening up in 1978. Our reform is a comprehensive one which includes both economic and political restructuring. Precisely as Mr. Deng Xiaoping pointed out, without political reform, economic reform will not be successful. In essence political restructuring in China aims at integrating the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, the people's role as masters of their own affairs and rule of law in the conduct of public affairs.
At present, it is particularly important to do a good job on the following. First of all, we should develop democracy to safeguard people's democratic rights and to respect and protect their human rights. Secondly, we should improve on the legal system through better legislation, better administration according to law, and greater judicial reform. Thirdly, we should run the country according to law, making our socialist democracy more institutionalized, standardized and proceduralized, and in this way we can make sure that it will not change because of changes in the leadership and changes in the views and focus of attention of leaders. Fourth, we must strengthen supervision, and we should make sure that the government is placed under the supervision of the people. We have to develop democracy and strengthen supervision. Only in this way can we make sure the government will not relent in its efforts, and this would help avoid a situation whereby the government would be a failure.
我们是有13亿人的大国,推进政治体制改革必须有领导、有步骤地进行。现在有许多误解,比如宗教信仰问题。中国的宪法明确规定公民有宗教信仰自由,现在中国信教人数超过1亿人,宗教活动场所有10万多个。改革开放以来,大约每3天就新建或重建一处宗教活动场所。在中南海不远的地方,就有宗教活动场所,东有王府井的天主教堂,南有牛街的伊斯兰清真寺,北有佛教的雍和宫,西有道教的白云观。在中南海最近的地方,有历史较长的西什库教堂。你可以到这些地方看看,有很多宗教信徒在那里从事宗教活动。
中国5000年的历史在宗教发展方面有很大的包容性。中国5大宗教中只有道教是本土产生的,其他4种宗教都是外面传来的,佛教是从印度传来的,基督教和天主教是从西方传来的,伊斯兰教是从中东、西亚传来的。
China is a big country with 1.3 billion people. So to press ahead with political reform, it has to be done in an orderly fashion and in a well-organized manner. Now there exist many misunderstandings. I know this is your first time in China. I don’t know what you have seen. For instance, with regard to freedom of religious belief, freedom of religious belief is actually written into China's constitution. China currently has over 100 million religious followers. China has over 100,000 religious sites. Let me put in another way. Since the beginning of reform and opening up, one religious site has been either newly built or restored every three days. You may just take a walk around the Zhongnanhai compound, and you can see many, many religious sites. For instance, to the south of Zhongnanhai, there's the Chongwenmen Protestant church. To the east of Zhongnanhai, there's the Wangfujing Catholic church. Nearest to Zhongnanhai is the famous Xiciku church. To the north of Zhongnanhai, there's the Yonghe Buddhist monastery. To the west of Zhongnanhai is the Baiyun Taoist temple. You may visit these religious sites. I‘m sure when you are there, you will see not just people practicing their religious faith. At the same time, these religious believers are also law-abiding citizens. Also, to the southwest of Zhongnanhai, there's Islam, the large Niujie mosque.
Over the past 5,000 years of Chinese history, China has been very tolerant toward the development of religion. Among the five major religions in China, only Taoism is an indigenous religious belief. The other four actually came from overseas. For instance, Buddhism came to China from India, Catholicism and Protestantism from the West, and Islam from the Middle East or West Asia.
(编辑:twinx)