王逢鑫：双语加油站（一）
句子：请附寄一张你最近照的护照相片。
误译：Please enclose a passport photograph that you have taken recently.
正译：Please enclose a passport photograph of yourself， which has been taken recently.
解释：to take a photograph 的意思是“给人照相”。而a photograph that you have taken recently的意思是“一张你最近给别人照的相片，而不是你自己的相片”。
“照片”或“相片”可以译为photograph， photo， snapshot， snap或picture。其中snapshot和snap，尤其指“快照”。
“给人或物照相”有两种表达方法。一是 to photograph sb / sth，强调“照相”的动作。二是 to take a photograph / photo / snapshot / snap / picture of sb / sth，说明“照了一张”。例如：这位妈妈给她的婴儿拍照。The mother photographed her baby.
“让人拍照”，用 to have one’s photograph / photo / picture taken表示。例如：昨天我在颐和园让人给我照了一张相片。Yesterday I had a picture taken in the Summer Palace.
“自拍”，用to have / get oneself photographed表示。而“集体合影”用 to have a group photo taken 表示。例如：他在家门口自拍照片。He had himself photographed in front of his house. 这些毕业生在离校前集体合影留念。The graduates had a group photo taken as a memento before they left school.
请比较下列句子。注意汉语的意思是模糊的，在英语中可以有不同的译法：他讨厌(给人或物) 照相。
1) He hates / detests photographing.
2) He hates / detests taking photographs.
他讨厌(被人) 照相。He hates / detests being photographed.
（编辑:youke）
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