航天术语翻译举例（Ⅰ）
时间：2022/5/11 来源：翻译参考 浏览：2550
本篇以《2021中国的航天》的原文及其官方英文译文为范本，总结了20个关于航天的专业术语和常用表述，供大家学习参考。
空间基础设施建设
space infrastructure
高分辨率对地观测系统
the high-resolution earth observation system
卫星通信广播服务能力
the service ability of satellite communications and broadcasting
探月工程“三步走”
the three-step lunar exploration program ("orbit, land, and return")
2016年以来，中国航天进入创新发展“快车道”，空间基础设施建设稳步推进，北斗全球卫星导航系统建成开通，高分辨率对地观测系统基本建成，卫星通信广播服务能力稳步增强，探月工程“三步走”圆满收官，中国空间站建设全面开启，“天问一号”实现从地月系到行星际探测的跨越，取得了举世瞩目的辉煌成就。
Since 2016, China's space industry has made rapid and innovative progress, manifested by a steady improvement in space infrastructure, the completion and operation of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, the completion of the high-resolution earth observation system, steady improvement of the service ability of satellite communications and broadcasting, the conclusion of the last step of the three-step lunar exploration program ("orbit, land, and return"), the first stages in building the space station, and a smooth interplanetary voyage and landing beyond the earth-moon system by Tianwen-1, followed by the exploration of Mars. These achievements have attracted worldwide attention.
航天运输系统
Space Transport System
运载火箭型谱
launch vehicle family
载人运载火箭
manned carrier rockets
固体运载火箭
solid-fuel carrier rockets
重型运载火箭
heavy-lift launch vehicles
未来五年，中国将持续提升航天运输系统综合性能，加速实现运载火箭升级换代。推动运载火箭型谱发展，研制发射新一代载人运载火箭和大推力固体运载火箭，加快推动重型运载火箭工程研制。
In the next five years, China will continue to improve the capacity and performance of its space transport system, and move faster to upgrade launch vehicles. It will further expand the launch vehicle family, send into space new-generation manned carrier rockets and high-thrust solid-fuel carrier rockets, and speed up the R&D of heavy-lift launch vehicles.
卫星通信广播地面系统
The satellite communications and broadcasting ground system
卫星通信广播地面系统持续完善，形成全球覆盖天地融合的卫星通信广播、互联网、物联网及信息服务能力。
The satellite communications and broadcasting ground system has been improved, to form a space-ground integrated network that provides satellite communications and broadcasting, internet, Internet of Things, and information services around the globe.
北斗三号全球卫星导航系统
BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3)
北斗三号全球卫星导航系统全面建成开通，完成30颗卫星发射组网，北斗系统“三步走”战略圆满完成，正式进入服务全球新时代。
The completion and operation of the 30-satellite BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) represents the successful conclusion of the system's three-step strategy and its capacity to serve the world.
出舱活动
extravehicular activities
在轨维护
in-orbit maintenance
6名航天员先后进驻中国空间站，实施出舱活动、舱外操作、在轨维护、科学实验等任务。
Six astronauts have worked in China's space station, performing extravehicular activities, in-orbit maintenance, and scientific experiments.
“嫦娥六号”探测器
Chang'e-6 lunar probe
未来五年，中国将继续实施月球探测工程，发射“嫦娥六号”探测器、完成月球极区采样返回。
In the next five years, China will continue with lunar exploration. It will launch the Chang'e-6 lunar probe to collect and bring back samples from the polar regions of the moon.
航天发射场系统
space launch site system
未来五年，中国将在强化航天产品统一技术体制的基础上，进一步完善现有航天发射场系统，统筹开展发射场通用化、集约化、智能化建设，增强发射场系统任务适应性和可靠性，提升高密度、多样化发射任务支撑能力。
In the next five years, China will strengthen unified technical standard-setting for its space products, and on this basis will further adapt the existing space launch site system to better serve most launch missions, and make launch sites smarter, more reliable and more cost-effective to support high-intensity and diversified launch missions.
空间环境治理体系
space environment governance system
In the next five years, China will continue to expand its space environment governance system.
注：文中的中英双语文本摘自中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室官方网站《2021中国的航天》白皮书中文版和英文版。
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