收藏 | 5月新闻热词中英汇总
收藏 | 5月新闻热词中英汇总
5月，长征五号B运载火箭首次飞行任务取得圆满成功；2020珠峰高程测量登山队成功登顶珠穆朗玛峰；全国各类学校陆续开始复课；低风险地区中小学生在校不用戴口罩；欧洲各国开始逐步解除疫情防控封锁政策；全国两会胜利召开。
长征五号B运载火箭 Long March-5B carrier rocket 5月5日，长征五号B运载火箭首次飞行任务取得圆满成功，拉开了我国空间站在轨建造阶段飞行任务的序幕。 The China Manned Space Agency said the flight of the carrier rocket Long March-5B successfully verified the overall design and technologies of the new rocket and also marked the beginning of the third stage in China's manned space program, which aims to put a manned space station into orbit. 中国载人航天工程办公室表示，长征五号B运载火箭首飞成功，验证了新型火箭的总体设计和技术，同时也标志着我国载人航天工程第三阶段——空间站在轨建造——拉开序幕。
珠峰高程测量 measure the height of Mount Qomolangma 5月6日，2020珠峰高程测量登山队出发仪式在珠峰登山大本营举行。 A team of over 30 Chinese surveyors Wednesday left a base camp at Mount Qomolangma for a higher spot on their journey to the peak, as they endeavour to accomplish a mission to remeasure the height of the world's highest mountain. 30多名测量队员5月6日从珠峰大本营向更高海拔出发，开启珠峰高程登顶测量。珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰。 The team, consisting of professional climbers and surveyors from the Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), will seize the current weather window and attempt for the summit at the optimal time. 此次测量登山队由专业登山运动员和自然资源部的测绘人员构成。队员们力争抓住近日的好天气窗口，择日登顶测量。
500米以上建筑 buildings taller than 500 meters 住建部和国家发改委联合下发通知，要求严格限制各地盲目规划建设超高层“摩天楼”。 No buildings taller than 500 meters will be allowed unless their plans are approved by the two central government bodies following strict examinations, said the document. 通知指出，一般不得新建500米以上建筑，各地因特殊情况确需建设的，应进行严格审查后上报住建部和发改委复核。
免戴口罩政策 mask-free policy 国家卫健委、教育部日前制定《中小学校新冠肺炎疫情防控技术方案(修订版)》(以下简称《方案》)。 Primary and secondary school students no longer need to wear masks on campuses in areas with a low risk of COVID-19, according to the protocols. 《方案》明确，低风险地区校园内学生不需佩戴口罩。 Teachers of such schools are also allowed to go mask-free when giving class, while it is not recommended for infants and kids to wear masks in nurseries and kindergartens. 老师授课时不需戴口罩，同时，幼托机构幼童不建议戴口罩。 Janitors, sanitation workers and canteen workers are required to wear masks. 校门值守人员、清洁人员及食堂工作人员等应当佩戴口罩。
户外120分钟 two-hour outdoor activities As schools nationwide have gradually reopened following the stabilization of the domestic novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic, the National Health Commission has urged schools to ensure sufficient outdoor activities for students. 随着国内新冠肺炎疫情稳定，全国各地的学校陆续复课，国家卫健委敦促学校确保学生有充足的户外活动时间。 Schools should guarantee at least two hours of outdoor activities a day for pupils. For students who have been diagnosed as nearsighted, the outdoor hours can be extended. 国家卫健委疾控局监察专员王斌指出，学校应每天保证两小时以上的孩子户外活动时间。对于已经近视的孩子来说，应该更长时间进行户外活动。
解封 easing of lockdown The World Health Organization said on Monday that a slow, steady easing of lockdown measures will be key in stimulating economies while keeping a vigilant eye on the novel coronavirus.The organization had received reports of more than 4 million cases of COVID-19 across the world by Monday. 世界卫生组织5月11日表示，缓慢稳步解除封锁措施将是促进经济恢复并对新冠病毒保持警惕的关键。当日，世界卫生组织接到的新冠肺炎病例报告已超过400万例。
复课 class resumption 5月12日上午，教育部召开新闻发布会，介绍教育系统开学复课、校园疫情防控情况。 More than 100 million students have resumed classes in Chinese schools as of Monday, accounting for 39 percent of all the students nationwide, from kindergartens to universities, the Ministry of Education said. 教育部表示，截至5月11日，已返校复课的学生总数为10779.2万，超过1个亿，占学生总数的39%。 In most of China's provincial-level regions, universities, secondary vocational schools, middle schools and primary schools are resuming classes, according to the ministry. 在全国多数省级以上地区，高校、中等职业学校、中学以及小学均开始复课。
视频连线 video link 国务院总理李克强5月13日主持召开国务院常务会议，部署做好今年全国两会期间各部门听取全国人大代表和政协委员意见建议工作。 Given the need for continued COVID-19 containment, the meeting called for adopting new ways for taking in views and suggestions of national legislators and political advisors, including via video-link, phone calls and the internet. These views and suggestions would help the government to learn more about the situation on the ground, especially the hopes of market players and the general public. 考虑到目前仍处于疫情常态化防控的特殊情况，会议提出要创新听取代表和委员意见建议的方式，通过视频、电话、网络等了解代表和委员反映的实情，尤其是市场主体和人民群众的期盼。
高校毕业生直招士官 recruiting university graduates for non-commissioned officer roles 国防部征兵办公室表示，2020年从普通高校毕业生中直接招收士官工作全面展开。 China's military is recruiting university graduates for non-commissioned officer roles for the first time, according to the recruiting office of the Ministry of National Defense. Online applications will open at the agency's official website www.gfbzb.gov.cn on Friday for those who wish to be enlisted into the armed forces. 国防部征兵办公室今年将首次面向全国普通高校毕业生直接招收士官，全国征兵网（http://www.gfbzb.gov.cn）将于5月15日开通直招士官网上报名窗口。 【知识点：士官和义务兵有何区别】 我军现役士兵按兵役性质分为义务兵役制士兵和志愿兵役制士兵。义务兵役制士兵称为义务兵（compulsory serviceman），志愿兵役制士兵称为士官（non-commissioned officer）。士官属于士兵军衔序列，但不同于义务兵役制士兵，是士兵中的骨干。义务兵实行供给制，发给津贴（allowance），士官实行工资制（pay plans）和定期增资制度（regular pay rise）。目前部队面向高校毕业生既招收士官，也招收义务兵，这是两个不同兵役性质的士兵系列。（来源：全国征兵网）
心形纪念币 heart-shaped commemorative coins 中国人民银行定于5月20日发行2020吉祥文化金银纪念币一套。 The set includes six coins: two gold, three silver and one gold-silver bimetallic, all legal tender, the People's Bank of China said on its website. 据中国人民银行网站介绍，该套纪念币共6枚，其中金质纪念币2枚，银质纪念币3枚，金银双金属纪念币1枚，均为中华人民共和国法定货币。 Chinese characters Jixiang, meaning auspiciousness, dominates the obverse of the coins, while the reverse sides are decorated with traditional patterns such as cranes, lilies and goldfish, all symbols of auspiciousness and fortune. 该套纪念币正面图案均为“吉祥”文字造型，背面有鹤、百合、金鱼等代表吉祥富贵的传统装饰图案。 值得注意的是，6枚纪念币中有心形纪念币（heart-shaped commemorative coins）两枚，3克心形金质纪念币背面图案为新娘、百合、窗棂等组合图案，并刊“百年好合”字样及面额；30克心形银质纪念币背面图案为百合与同心锁等组合图案，并刊“百年好合”字样及面额。
平均工资 average salary 日前，国家统计局发布2019年城镇非私营单位、城镇私营单位和规模以上企业分岗位就业人员年平均工资情况。 In non-private sectors, urban employees' inflation-adjusted real growth of the average salary rose by 6.8 percent to 90,501 yuan, according to data from the National Bureau of Statistics. 国家统计局的数据显示，全国城镇非私营单位就业人员年平均工资为90501元，根据通胀调整后比上年实际增长6.8%。 In private sectors, the annual average salary stood at 53,604 yuan, up 5.2 percent year on year after deducting price factors. 城镇私营单位就业人员年平均工资为53604元，扣除价格因素后比上年实际增长5.2%。 国家统计局人口和就业统计司副司长孟灿文说，2019年，我国经济运行总体平稳、稳中有进（achieve stability with steady progress），就业形势保持稳定（stable employment situation），全国城镇单位就业人员平均工资稳步增长。
量化指标 quantitative targets 国务院5月19日对外公布2019年《政府工作报告》量化指标任务落实情况表，38项指标任务均已完成。 国内生产总值 GDP The 2019 government work report set a target of 6 to 6.5 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) growth from the previous year. 2019年《政府工作报告》提出国内生产总值增长6%-6.5%的目标。 Last year, China's GDP reached 99.09 trillion yuan (about 13.98 trillion U.S. dollars), up 6.1 percent from the previous year, in line with the annual target. 去年国内生产总值达990865亿元，比上年增长6.1%，符合年度预期目标。
行李全流程跟踪 whole-journey luggage tracking 近日，民航局宣布民航行李全流程跟踪系统试点航线试点成功。 China has started a pilot project for whole-journey luggage tracking systems at six major airports, according to the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC). These airports include Beijing Capital International Airport, Beijing Daxing International Airport, and Shanghai Hongqiao, Guangzhou Baiyun, Shenzhen Bao'an and Chongqing Jiangbei airports. 民航局表示，我国已经在六家大型机场启动行李全流程跟踪系统试点。这六家机场包括北京首都国际机场，北京大兴国际机场，上海虹桥、广州白云、深圳宝安以及重庆江北机场。
关于建立健全香港特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制的决定（草案） a draft decision on establishing and improving the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) to safeguard national security 十三届全国人大三次会议正在审议《全国人民代表大会关于建立健全香港特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制的决定（草案）》。 A draft decision on establishing and improving the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) to safeguard national security is under deliberation at the third session of the 13th National People's Congress (NPC). 全国人民代表大会是最高国家权力机关，根据新的形势和需要，行使宪法赋予的职权，从国家层面建立健全香港特别行政区维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制，坚持和完善“一国两制”制度体系。 The NPC is the highest organ of state power. In light of the new circumstances and need, the NPC is exercising the power enshrined in the Constitution to establish and improve at the state level the legal system and enforcement mechanisms for the HKSAR to safeguard national security, and to uphold and improve the institutional framework of "one country, two systems".
政府工作报告 government work report “两个维护”、“四个意识”、“四个自信”、“六稳”、“六保”......政府工作报告里提到的这些缩略语都代表什么呢？ “放管服”改革（简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革） streamline the government, delegate power, and improve government services “两个维护”（坚决维护习近平总书记党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导） resolutely uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership 三大攻坚战（防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治攻坚战） the three critical battles against major risks, poverty, and pollution “四风”（形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风） the practice of formalities for formalities' sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance “四个意识”（政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识） consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment “四个自信”（中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信） confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics “六稳”（稳就业、稳金融、稳外贸、稳外资、稳投资、稳预期） ensure stability in employment, financial operations, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations “六保”（保居民就业、保基本民生、保市场主体、保粮食能源安全、保产业链供应链稳定、保基层运转） ensure security in job, basic living needs, operations of market entities, food and energy security, stable industrial and supply chains, and the normal functioning of primary-level governments “两新一重”（新型基础设施、新型城镇化、重大工程） new infrastructure, new urbanization initiatives and major projects
公共卫生领域立法 legislation on public health 受全国人大常委会委托，全国人大常委会委员长栗战书5月25日向十三届全国人大三次会议作《全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告》。 China's top legislature said it will prioritize legislation on public health this year. 全国人大常委会表示今年将加强公共卫生领域立法。 In its annual work report， the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) said it plans to revise the Wildlife Protection Law， the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases， the Frontier Health and Quarantine Law， and the Emergency Response Law in 2020. 全国人大常委会工作报告指出，今年将对野生动物保护法、传染病防治法、国境卫生检疫法、突发事件应对法进行修改。
外国国家豁免法 foreign states immunities law 全国人大代表、北京市社会科学院法学所研究员马一德在接受记者采访时表示，建议尽快制定符合我国国情的外国国家豁免法（foreign states immunities law）。 Formulating a foreign states immunities law will protect the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese citizens as well as foreign investors, said Ma Yide, a deputy to the National People's Congress (NPC) and a law researcher at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences. It will also counteract malicious litigations raised in countries like the United States towards China over the COVID-19 response, Ma told reporters. 全国人大代表、北京市社会科学院法学所研究员马一德对记者表示，制定外国国家豁免法将平等保护我国国民和外国投资者合法权益，同时对等反制美国等以新冠肺炎疫情向中国提出的恶意指控。
绿色通道 green channel 中国民航局于5月25日下发了《关于建立复产复工国际客运包机计划审批“绿色通道”的通知》。 The country's top civil aviation authority said it has set up a "green channel" to streamline the approval procedure for chartered international passenger flights that are out of work-resumption purposes. 民航局表示，已针对复产复工国际客运包机建立“绿色通道”，优化工作流程。 通知表示，中外航空公司的国际客运包机（chartered international passenger flights）应取得不定期飞行航班许可（license to operate a non-scheduled international service），暂不需时刻协调。各航空公司在申请不定期飞行航班许可的同时，即可向运行监控中心提交相关预先飞行计划（pre-flight plan）申请。运行监控中心根据不定期飞行航班许可内容，尽快受理并发布预先飞行计划。
民法典 the Civil Code 十三届全国人大三次会议以2879票赞成、2票反对、5票弃权，高票表决通过《中华人民共和国民法典》。 In addition to general and supplementary provisions, the Civil Code includes six parts on real rights, contracts, personality rights, marriage and family, inheritance, and tort liabilities. 除总则和附则之外，《民法典》包括物权、合同、人格权、婚姻家庭、继承、侵权责任这六编。
来源：中国日报网
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