互联网上最容易遇到的10种喷子
An Internet troll is a member of an online social community who deliberately tries to disrupt, attack, offend or generally cause trouble within the community by posting certain comments, photos, videos, GIFs or some other form of online content.
“网络喷子”是指网上社区里故意试图破坏、攻击、冒犯、引起争端的人。他们通过在社区里发表评论、照片、视频，动图或其他形式的线上内容来达到目的。
You can find trolls all over the Internet – on message boards, in your YouTube video comments, on Facebook, on dating sites, in blog comment sections and everywhere else that has an open area where people can freely post to express their thoughts and opinions. Controlling them can be difficult when there are a lot of community members, but the most common ways to get rid of them include either banning/blocking individual user accounts (and sometimes IP addresses altogether), reporting them to authorities, or closing off comment sections entirely from a blog post, video page or topic thread.
网上到处都能找到这样的“网络喷子”——比如留言板上、YouTube视频评论中、脸书、约会网站上、微博评论里，以及其他任何开放评论让人们自由地表达想法和观点的地方。如果一个社区里有很多用户，那想要控制“网络喷子”会比较困难。摆脱他们最常见的方式就是，要么禁止或阻断个人用户帐户（有时同时封禁IP地址），举报；要么关闭整个博客、视频页面或者话题下面的评论区。
Regardless of where you'll find Internet trolls lurking, they all tend to disrupt communities in very similar (and often predictable) ways. This isn't by any means a complete list of all the different types of trolls out there, but they're most certainly some of the most common types you'll often come across in active online communities.
不管你在哪里发现潜伏的互联网喷子，他们想要破坏社区的方式都非常相似（而且往往是可预见的）。这个列表虽未包括所有类型的网络喷子，但肯定是你上网时最常遇到的那些。
The insult troll
侮辱型
The insult troll is a pure hater, plain and simple. And they don't even really have to have a reason to hate or insult someone. These types of trolls will often pick on everyone and anyone – calling them names, accusing them of certain things, doing anything they can to get a negative emotional response from them – just because they can. In many cases, this type of trolling can become so severe that it can lead to or be considered a serious form of cyberbullying.
侮辱型喷子纯粹厌恶一切，直白且简单。他们憎恨或者侮辱某个人甚至不需要一个具体理由。这些类型的人往往会选择任何一个人——直呼他们的名字，指责他们的某些事情，尽他们所能，从被攻击者那里得到消极的情绪反应——仅仅因为他们乐意这么做。在许多情况下，这种喷子的行为可以严重到能导致或被认定成严重的网络霸凌行为。
The persistent debate troll
持久争论型
This type of troll loves a good argument. They can take a great, thoroughly researched and fact-based piece of content, and come at it from all opposing discussion angles to challenge its message. They believe they're right, and everyone else is wrong. You'll often also find them leaving long threads or arguments with other commenters in community comment sections, and they're always determined to have the last word – continuing to comment until that other user gives up.
这种类型的人喜欢争论。他们会用庞大的、彻底的研究还有基于事实的内容碎片，来从各个对立的角度来驳斥被讨论的信息。他们总认为自己是对的，别人都是错的。你会经常发现他们在社区评论里大写长文，而且他们总是要做最后一个发言的人——一直评论直到其他用户放弃评论为止。
The grammar and spellcheck troll
语法拼写纠错型
You know this type of troll. They're the people who always have to tell other users that they have misspelled words and grammar mistakes. Even when they do it by simply commenting with the corrected word behind an asterisk symbol, it's pretty much never a welcomed comment to any discussion. Some of them even use a commenter's spelling and grammar mistakes as an excuse to insult them.
你一定知道这种喷子。这种人总是喜欢指出其他的用户的拼写和语法错误。这种行为在任何讨论中都不受欢迎，即便是他们只用星号后面加修正词的方式进行评论。他们中的一些人甚至以评论者的拼写和语法错误为由来侮辱评论者。
The forever offended troll
永远被冒犯型
When controversial topics are discussed online, they're bound to offend someone. That's normal. But then there are the types of trolls who can take a piece of content – often times it's a joke, a parody or something sarcastic – and turn on the digital waterworks. They're experts at taking humorous pieces of content and turning them into an argument by playing the victim. People really do get upset by some of the strangest things said and done online.
在网上讨论争议话题时，肯定有人觉得被冒犯。这是正常的。但是，有一种人，他们永远能抓住内容当中的某个片段，往往是一个笑话、一个滑稽的模仿或者带点讽刺意味的东西，然后就一发不可收拾了。他们擅长把幽默搞笑的内容，通过扮演受害者的方式，变成一场争论。人们真的被这些人在网上说的话和做的事给搞得心烦意乱。
The show-off, know-it-all or blabbermouth troll
炫耀型、万事通型或长舌怪型
A close relative to the persistent debate troll, the show-off or blabbermouth troll is a person who doesn't necessarily like to participate in arguments but does love to share his opinion in extreme detail, even spreading rumors and secrets in some cases. Think of that one family member or friend you know who just loves to hear his own voice. That's the Internet equivalent of the show-off or know-it-all or blabbermouth troll. They love to have long discussions and write lots of paragraphs about whatever they know, whether anyone reads it or not.
这种人和持久争论型喷子很像。不过，他们不一定喜欢和人争辩，但非常喜欢事无巨细地和人分享观点和意见。甚至在某些情况下散布谣言和秘密。想想你身边有没有只在意自己想法的家人、亲戚或朋友？把他们放在网上就相当于炫耀、万事通或长舌怪型怪人。他们喜欢花很长的时间讨论或者写下他们知道的任何东西，不管有没有人要读。
The profanity and all-caps troll
破口大骂和全部字母都大写型喷子
Unlike some of the more intelligent trolls like the debate troll, the grammar troll and the blabbermouth troll, the profanity and all-caps troll is the guy who has nothing really of value to add to the discussion, spewing only F-bombs and other curse words with his caps lock button left on. In many cases, these types of trolls are just bored kids looking for something to do without needing to put too much thought or effort into anything. On the other side of the screen, they're often harmless.
不像一些更聪明如持久争论型喷子或语法纠错型喷子，有种人喜欢破口大骂，而且每个字母都大写（如果是汉字的话，估计每个都加粗或者带惊叹号吧！）。这种人在讨论里不提供什么真正有意义或价值的东西，他们只会往外扔脏话或者咒骂，而且他说得话每个字母都要大写。在很多情况下，这种类型的人只是一些无聊的找事情做的孩子，不需要为其他任何事思考或努力。他们在屏幕的另一端通常没什么杀伤力。
The one word only troll
只发一个字的怪人
There's always that one contributor to a Facebook status update, a forum thread, and Instagram photo, a Tumblr post or any other form of social posting who just says "lol" or "what" or "k" or "yes" or "no." They're certainly far from the worst type of troll you meet online, but when a serious or detailed topic is being discussed, their one-word replies are just a nuisance to all who are trying add value and follow the discussion.
总有那么一个人，无论是在脸书状态的更新里、论坛的帖子里、Instagram的照片里、Tumblr的帖子下，或任何其他形式的社交网络里，发帖时候只说“哈”、“啥”、“好”、“对”、“否”。他们肯定比其他更糟糕的类型的怪人要好一些，但是在讨论严肃的或者很细节的话题的时候，他们的一个字回答，通常会激怒那些想要发表有价值观点来好好讨论的人。
The exaggeration troll
夸张型喷子
Exaggeration trolls can sometimes be a combination of know-it-alls, the offended and even debate trolls. They know how to take any topic or problem and completely blow it out of proportion. Some of them actually try to do it to be funny, and sometimes they succeed, while others do it just to be annoying. They rarely ever contribute any real value to a discussion and often bring up problems and issues that may arguably be unrelated to what's being discussed.
夸张型喷子有时是万事通/被冒犯型怪人、甚至争论型怪人的结合体。他们知道如何去夸大话题或者问题。他们中的一些人这么做只是为了好玩，而且有时候确实会搞笑成功。而他们中的另一些人这么做，就只能让人生厌。他们很少在讨论里贡献什么真正有意义或价值的东西，只是经常提出与现在正在讨论的无关的问题。
The off topic troll
离题八万里喷子
It's pretty hard not to hate that guy who posts something completely off topic in any type of social community discussion. It can be even worse when that person succeeds in shifting the topic and everyone ends up talking about whatever irrelevant thing that he posted. You see it all the time online – in the comments of Facebook posts, in threaded YouTube comments, on Twitter and literally anywhere there're active discussions happening.
很难不讨厌那个总是在社交媒体讨论区发一些完全偏离讨论主题的人。更惨的是，有时候，话题会成功被那个人带跑偏，最后大家都在讨论他评论的那个无关的话题。这种事情在网上到处都能看得到——脸书的文章的评论区，微博评论区、YouTube视频评论区，推特上等等。真的是其他任何进行讨论的地方。
The greedy spammer troll
狂发垃圾信息型
Last but not least, there's the dreaded spammer troll. This is the troll who truly could not care less about your post or discussion and is only posting to benefit himself. He wants you to check out his page, buy from his link, use his coupon code or download his free ebook. These trolls also include all those users you see littering discussions on Twitter and Instagram and every other social network with "follow me!!!" posts.
最后，还有令人生畏的狂发垃圾信息型盘子。这种人真的完全不在乎你的文章或讨论，他发帖只为了自己的利益。他想让你去看他的网页，点他发的链接去买东西，用他的优惠码或者下载他的免费电子书。这些怪人还包括所有在推特、Instagram、或其他社交网络平台上写“关注我！！！”这种帖子的用户。
作者：Elise Moreau
翻译：Andrea安宁
（编辑:xueqi）
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