再创作的伪翻译属性
再创论就是要打破创作和翻译的界限,所提倡的不是名为翻译实为原创。而是追求一种所谓理想的翻译境界,它更多涉及译者的主体意识的问题,由此导致以“有”译“无”和以“无”译“有”的翻译文本走向。吉迪恩?图里提出的伪翻译是指名为翻译而实际根本无原文可依的“译作”,并没有发生语际转换,也不存在任何翻译关系。伪翻译本质上是在向目的语文化输出新要素的过程中以翻译为伪装的一种创造行为,伪翻泽的这种特征大大提高了翻译作为一种文学类型的地位。伪翻译人为了达到最终目的,在文本中加人使读者将其与某类文本的翻译联系起来的特质。再创式译者不仅考虑文本在目的语文化中的可接受性,也考虑使文本具有充分的可信性,译者身份靠近了伪译者,再创式翻泽具有了伪翻译属性。再创式翻译中译者的隐身是要显示译者的幕后搡控能力,为目的语读者提供类似于最初源语文本所创造的文学意境。再创式翻译“度”的把握和真伪翻译的界定归属于译者主体意识的问题,随着译者主体再创意识的增强,伪翻译的嫌疑也就越发暴露。本文认为要结束对再创作的质疑的冇效策略是把它视为可接受的、具有伪翻译倾向的翻译文类。
Innovative translation is to break the bound of creation and translation. What the concept of innovative translation aims at is not an original work in the guise of a translation, but some kind of “genuine” translation as an ideal target language text. It involves the translator’s awareness of subjectivity. What Gideon Toury’s notion of pseudotranslation calls forth, on the other hand, is an original creative work masquerading as translation, one in which no language transference takes place and no transla?tional relation exists. Since pseudotranlsation is devoted to intro?ducing new elements into the target culture, pseudotranslator adds elements to the pseudotranslation by which reader relates it to translation. Similarly, innovative translator considers acceptability in target culture and credibility of the target text. In this way, innovative translation acquires the attributes of pseudo?translation. The degree of innovation and how to differentiate genuine translation from pseudotransaltion have to do with subjectivity of the translation. When the translator is more aware of innovative translation, the traits of pseudotranslation are more identifiable. By extending and re-interpreting the notion of pseud?otranslation, this paper argues that in order to put an end to existing doubts about justifiability of innovative translation, it is necessary that we see it anew, as a special genre of translation which possesses characteristics similar to those of pseudotranslation.
(编辑:织言)