翻译点津：检测与监测
句子：为了食品安全，我国有关部门已对日本向中国出口的食品加强检测。
误译：For the sake of food safety and security, the concerning departments of our country have reinforced the monitoring of the Japanese food exported to China.
正译：For the sake of food safety and security, the concerning departments of our country have reinforced the inspection of the Japanese food exported to China.
解释：monitoring 的意思是 watching and checking sth over a period of time in order to see how it develops, so that you can make any necessary changes，即“长时间监视、检查和跟踪”，相当于“监测”。而“检测”是现场进行检查和测定，决定是否符合标准或规定，应译为 inspection 或detection。
“检测”的意思是“检验测定”。英语可以译为 to test, to examine, to check, to inspect,强调检测的过程。to detect,强调检测的结果，即“检测出”。例如：
1. 我们必须仔细检测食品质量，以保证食品是新鲜的，适宜于食用。We must carefully inspect the quality of the food to make sure that it is fresh and suitable for consumption.
2. 黑龙江省东北部空气中检测出极微量的放射性物质。Extremely low levels of radioactive material have been detected from the air in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province.
“监测”的意思是“监视测定”。英语可以译为 to monitor, to observe and measure。例如：
3. 北京等14省市有关部门已开始监测食品和饮用水放射性。The concerning departments of Beijing and other 13 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government have begun to monitor the radioactivity of food and drinking water.
注意：“检测器”，英语译为 detector。而“监测器”，英语译为 monitor。例如：
4. 房间里的烟雾检测器显然不起作用了。The smoke detector in the room apparently wasn't working.
5. 这个病人利用心脏监测器以测出自己的心率。The patient used a heart monitor to find his heart rate.
误译：For the sake of food safety and security, the concerning departments of our country have reinforced the monitoring of the Japanese food exported to China.
正译：For the sake of food safety and security, the concerning departments of our country have reinforced the inspection of the Japanese food exported to China.
解释：monitoring 的意思是 watching and checking sth over a period of time in order to see how it develops, so that you can make any necessary changes，即“长时间监视、检查和跟踪”，相当于“监测”。而“检测”是现场进行检查和测定，决定是否符合标准或规定，应译为 inspection 或detection。
“检测”的意思是“检验测定”。英语可以译为 to test, to examine, to check, to inspect,强调检测的过程。to detect,强调检测的结果，即“检测出”。例如：
1. 我们必须仔细检测食品质量，以保证食品是新鲜的，适宜于食用。We must carefully inspect the quality of the food to make sure that it is fresh and suitable for consumption.
2. 黑龙江省东北部空气中检测出极微量的放射性物质。Extremely low levels of radioactive material have been detected from the air in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province.
“监测”的意思是“监视测定”。英语可以译为 to monitor, to observe and measure。例如：
3. 北京等14省市有关部门已开始监测食品和饮用水放射性。The concerning departments of Beijing and other 13 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government have begun to monitor the radioactivity of food and drinking water.
注意：“检测器”，英语译为 detector。而“监测器”，英语译为 monitor。例如：
4. 房间里的烟雾检测器显然不起作用了。The smoke detector in the room apparently wasn't working.
5. 这个病人利用心脏监测器以测出自己的心率。The patient used a heart monitor to find his heart rate.
（编辑:卢晓雪）
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