(双语阅读)李克强总理在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话
携手建设和平稳定可持续发展的世界
Work for a World of Peace, Stability and Sustainable Development
—— 在第71届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话
– Statement at the General Debate of the 71st Session of the United Nations General Assembly
中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2016年9月21日，纽约
New York, September 21, 2016
主席先生：
Mr. President,
祝贺您当选第71届联合国大会主席，相信在您的主持下，本届联大将顺利推进各项议程。我也赞赏上届联大主席吕克托夫特先生卓有成效的工作。
I congratulate you on your election as President of the 71st Session of the UN General Assembly. I believe that under your presidency, this session of the General Assembly will move forward and make good progress according to its agenda. I also appreciate the effective work of Mr. Lykketoft as President of the last session of the UNGA.
我还要向潘基文秘书长致以敬意。过去10年，秘书长先生以包容、谦逊、和谐的处事之道和勤勉、务实的工作作风，为维护世界和平、推动可持续发展、促进和保护人权等作出了重要贡献。
I also wish to pay tribute to Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon who, with modesty and a drive for harmony and accommodation, has worked tirelessly and in a down-to-earth manner over the past decade, and whose work has contributed significantly to world peace, sustainable development and the advancement and protection of human rights in the world.
主席先生，各位同事！
Mr. President,
Dear Colleagues,
去年联合国发展峰会通过《2030年可持续发展议程》，为全球发展描绘了新愿景。中国国家主席习近平在峰会上围绕“谋共同永续发展，做合作共赢伙伴”，阐述了中国的原则立场，表明了中国的积极态度。
The UN Sustainable Development Summit held last year adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, opening a new vision for global development. At the summit, Chinese President Xi Jinping gave a speech entitled “Towards Win-win Partnership for Sustainable Development” to expound on China’s principles and position as well as its readiness to advance the agenda for sustainable development.
今年是落实可持续发展议程的开局之年。前不久召开的二十国集团领导人杭州峰会，就推动世界经济增长达成杭州共识，为构建创新、活力、联动、包容的世界经济描绘了愿景。峰会共同承诺积极落实2030年可持续发展议程，并制定了落实2030年可持续发展议程行动计划，为全球可持续发展事业注入新的动力。中国政府还率先批准并发布了《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》。联大一般性辩论以“可持续发展目标：共同努力改造我们的世界”为主题，很有现实意义。
This year is the first in the Agenda’s implementation. The G20 Summit held not long ago in Hangzhou of China reached the Hangzhou consensus on world economic growth. A blueprint was drawn for building an innovative, invigorated, interconnected and inclusive world economy. Participants at the Summit pledged to actively implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and formulated an action plan toward that end, which injected new vigor to global sustainable development. The Chinese government was also among the first to adopt and release the country’s National Plan on Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. As for the General Assembly, it has decided that for this year’s session, the general debate will focus on the theme “The Sustainable Development Goals: a universal push to transform our world”. These, in my view, are all highly relevant.
可持续发展首先是要发展，基础也在于发展。离开了发展，也就谈不上可持续。当今世界的很多问题，都是由于发展不足引起的。无论是贫困、难民危机，还是战乱冲突、恐怖主义等，都能从发展落后上找到根源，也都需要通过发展寻求根本解决之道。唯有发展，才能保障人民的基本权利。唯有发展，才能消除全球性挑战的根源。唯有发展，才能推动人类文明进步。
Sustainable development is first and foremost about development. Development underpins every human achievement. Without development, nothing can be sustainable. The lack of development is often at the root of many problems facing the world. Be it poverty or the refugee crisis, war, conflicts or terrorism, they all could be attributed to insufficient development and none can be addressed properly without development. Only development can guarantee people’s fundamental rights. Only development can root out the cause for global challenges. And only development can advance human civilization and progress.
发展必须是可持续的。可持续有着丰富内涵，哪个方面做不到，都将使发展陷入停滞与困顿。如果发展不平衡、不平等，南北差距、贫富差距拉大，则不可持续。如果发展方式粗放，高消耗、高污染、高排放，超过资源环境承受能力，也不可持续。如果经济社会发展不协调，一条腿长一条腿短，同样不可持续。只有深刻认识和把握可持续的内涵，全面推进减贫、南北合作和南南合作、应对气候变化等各项事业，促进公平共享和绿色发展，发展才能立得稳、走得远。
Development must be sustainable. It must be sustainable in all dimensions, otherwise development will be stalled and strained. Development won’t be sustainable if it is unbalanced, unequal and widens the gap between the North and the South and the rich and the poor. Development won’t be sustainable if it is achieved in an extensive manner, driven by high consumption, high pollution and high emissions and depletes resources and strains the environment. Development won’t be sustainable if economic growth and social progress are not well coordinated. Only when we keep a profound understanding of the implication of sustainability, make all-round progress in poverty reduction, North-South and South-South cooperation, climate change and other fields, and work to promote equal sharing and green development can we ensure that development is truly solid and sustainable.
可持续发展必须包容联动。当前，可持续发展面临严峻挑战。地区冲突和热点问题此起彼伏，传统和非传统安全威胁相互交织，可持续发展环境堪忧。世界经济复苏乏力，经济全球化阻力加大，可持续发展动力不足。重大疫情、自然灾害频发等问题日益突出，能源资源安全、粮食安全、金融安全问题交织，可持续发展任务艰巨。越是在艰难时刻，越要提振信心。人类总是有智慧找到办法、有能力突破困境的，关键是要相互合作、同舟共济。国际社会应以命运共同体、利益攸关者的新视角，采取一致行动，共同应对全球性挑战。
Sustainable development must be inclusive and interconnected. Currently, the sustainable development endeavor is faced with grave challenges: regional conflicts and hotspots are incessant, traditional and non-traditional security threats intertwine, and the environment for sustainable development gives no reason for optimism. World economic recovery remains lukewarm, economic globalization faces strong headwind, and the momentum for sustainable development is weak. Frequent occurrence of major infectious diseases and natural disasters is increasingly prominent, the issues of energy and resource security, food security and financial security are interwoven, and sustainable development remains an uphill journey. Difficult moments call for stronger confidence. I believe mankind has the wisdom and capability to find a way out of difficulty. For that to happen, there must be cooperation and a spirit of working together to tide over difficulties. It is time that the international community take on a new perspective. It should see itself as a community of shared future in which all are stakeholders, and should make concerted efforts to jointly tackle global challenges.
主席先生，各位同事！
Mr. President,
Dear Colleagues,
推动可持续发展，要近期和远期结合，以务实的行动应对当前的挑战，积极变革和改造我们的世界。
To advance sustainable development, we must keep both short-term and long-term interests in mind, tackle challenges with concrete efforts and work actively to transform and change our world.
——我们必须维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则。没有和平稳定的环境，就没有可持续发展，已经取得的发展成果也会丧失。世界能保持70多年的和平，是来之不易的，这说明以联合国为核心的现行国际体系和以《联合国宪章》为基础的国际关系准则行之有效，必须坚决予以维护。这不仅符合各国人民的共同利益，也是实现可持续发展目标最重要的保障。各国要把《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则真正落到实处，支持联合国及其安理会在国际事务中发挥主导作用，支持不断改革完善全球治理机制，以适应国际政治、经济格局出现的新变化。要树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观，建设“对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟”的全球伙伴关系。
– We must uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. Without peace and stability, there will be no sustainable development; even the fruits of development already reaped risk being lost. The hard-won peace that has prevailed over the past 70 years or more testifies to the effectiveness of the existing international system with the UN at its core and of the norms of international relations established on the basis of the UN Charter. This international system and these norms governing international relations must be upheld resolutely, for they not only serve the common interests of people of all countries, but also provide the most essential guarantee for attainment of the sustainable development goals. Countries need to honor the purposes and principles of the UN Charter in letter and in spirit, and should support the leading role of the UN and its Security Council in global affairs. Countries need to be supportive of steady reform and improvement of global governance mechanisms, so as to adapt to the changing international political and economic landscape. A new concept of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security should be nurtured and a global partnership should be established that features “dialogue instead of confrontation, and partnership instead of alliance”.
——我们必须坚持政治解决热点问题的大方向。化解地区热点，政治解决是根本之道。历史一再证明，诉诸武力、以暴制暴，只能使仇恨延续、战火不已，最终不会有赢家。冲突各方应摒弃零和思维，以对话解争端、以协商化分歧、以宽容求和解。国际社会斡旋调解要主持公道正义，劝和不挑事、帮忙不添乱。在叙利亚问题上，应当坚持政治解决的大方向，国际社会应加紧推动叙有关各方尽早结束战乱，达成全面政治解决方案。关于朝鲜半岛核问题，应坚持实现半岛无核化目标，坚持维护半岛和地区和平稳定，坚持通过对话协商解决问题，有效维护国际核不扩散体系。恐怖主义是人类公敌，必须坚决予以打击，同时不能搞双重标准，不能把恐怖主义与特定国家、民族和宗教挂钩。
– We must stay committed to the general direction of settling hotspot issues through political means. Political resolution is the fundamental way to address regional hotspot issues. History has shown once and again that to repress violence with force can only lead to more hatred and warfare, from which no winner will emerge. Parties involved in conflicts must reject the zero-sum mentality. They should settle disputes through dialogue, address differences through consultation and seek reconciliation with tolerance. The mediation efforts of the international community must be fair and impartial. It should only facilitate the settlement of issues, not invite new troubles. On the Syrian issue, it is important to seek a political settlement. The international community should step up efforts to encourage parties concerned in Syria to put an end to conflict at an early date and reach a deal for comprehensive political settlement. On the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula, it is imperative to achieve denuclearization and maintain peace and stability both on the Peninsula and in the region. It is important to address issues through dialogue and consultation, and effectively uphold the international nuclear non-proliferation regime. Terrorism is the common enemy of mankind and must be combated resolutely. At the same time, the practice of double standard should be avoided and there should be no linkage between terrorism and a certain country, ethnicity or religion.
——我们必须携手促进世界经济稳定复苏。世界经济不能长期低迷下去，否则可持续发展就成无源之水。当前世界经济既面临总需求不足的问题，又存在突出的结构性矛盾。要统筹运用多种有效政策工具，做到需求管理与供给侧改革并重、短期政策与长期政策结合。二十国集团领导人杭州峰会，就加强宏观政策协调、创新增长方式、推进结构性改革、完善全球经济金融治理、重振国际贸易和投资两大引擎、实现包容和联动式发展等达成一系列共识，提出重大倡议和举措。我们呼吁世界各国同心协力，推动世界经济真正走上强劲、可持续、平衡、包容增长之路。主要经济体影响举足轻重，应以负责任态度制定和协调宏观政策，既要考虑促进自身增长，也要尽力减少负面外溢效应，不能给复苏乏力的世界经济雪上加霜。
– We must work together for steady recovery of the global economy. The world economy cannot afford long-term sluggishness; otherwise, sustainable development will be a fountain without source. The current world economy is faced with both insufficient aggregate demand as well as outstanding structural problems. It is necessary to employ effective policy tools in a holistic manner, and to combine demand management with supply-side reform and short-term policies with long-term ones. At the G20 Hangzhou Summit, participants reached common ground and put forward a series of major initiatives and measures to strengthen macro policy coordination, find new ways of growth, advance structural reform, improve global economic and financial governance, reinvigorate international trade and investment, the twin engines of global growth, and achieve inclusive and interconnected development. We call on all countries to make concerted efforts to drive the global economy along a path of strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive growth. Major economies, given their significant influence, need to act in a responsible manner in policy-making and policy coordination. While focusing on their own growth, they also need to strive to reduce negative spill-overs of their policies and refrain from adding to the difficulty of global economic recovery.
以贸易和投资自由化便利化为代表的经济全球化，是过去几十年世界经济快速发展的重要动力。但世上不存在有百利而无一弊的灵丹妙药。毋庸讳言，经济全球化也对有的国家产业和群体造成了一定的冲击和影响。对此，应积极采取措施加以化解，而不能因噎废食、因小失大。经济全球化符合各国长远和根本利益，是大势所趋。各方应坚决反对一切形式的保护主义，坚定维护以世界贸易组织为代表的自由贸易体制，使各国经济在双赢、多赢、共赢中实现持续健康发展。
Economic globalization, represented by trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, has been a strong driving force behind fast global growth in past decades. Yet, this is not to say that there exists any panacea in the world. Frankly, economic globalization has taken its toll on some industries and communities in certain countries to certain extent. Active measures need to be taken to address the problem, but it is always important to keep in mind the bigger picture instead of keeping one’s eyes on the narrow interests only. Economic globalization is a general trend that is in line with the long-term and fundamental interests of all countries. Countries need to stand firm to oppose protectionism of any form, and need to be resolute in upholding the free trade regime represented by the WTO. This is a way to enable sustained and sound economic growth for all countries through win-win and all-win development.
——我们必须着力解决人类面临的全球性挑战。要更加关注和支持非洲和最不发达国家，帮助他们加快工业化进程、保障粮食安全、消除贫困和饥饿，让更多的人生活得体面、有尊严。要努力营造有利于减少全球发展不平等和不平衡的国际环境。国际机构应该把新增资源首先用于帮助发展中国家，发达国家要切实兑现官方发展援助承诺，发展中国家应该立足自主发展，探索符合自身国情的发展道路。现在，我们正面临二战结束以来最大规模的难民危机。当务之急是要确保难民有基本生活保障，避免发生人道主义危机；根本之策是要消弭战端、恢复发展，使难民来源国走上长治久安与发展繁荣之路。各方要坚持共同但有区别的责任原则、公平原则和各自能力原则，共同应对气候变化，推动《巴黎协定》获得普遍接受和早日生效。发达国家应发挥带头作用，兑现减排承诺，并帮助发展中国家提高减缓和适应气候变化能力。
– We must redouble efforts to address global challenges facing mankind. Greater attention and more support need to be given to Africa and the least developing countries (LDCs) to help them speed up industrialization, ensure food security, eliminate poverty and hunger, and provide everyone with a life of decency and dignity. More needs to be done to create an international environment that helps reduce inequality and imbalance in global development. International institutions should spend their newly-acquired resources on helping developing countries on a priority basis. Developed countries should make good on their official development assistance commitments, while developing countries need to rely on themselves for development and need to seek development paths that suit their national conditions. As we speak, the world is facing the largest-ever refugee crisis since World War II. It is imperative to ensure refugees access to basic living conditions to stave off a humanitarian crisis. Of fundamental importance is to root out the cause of war and restart development, so that source countries of refugees can embark on a path of long-term stability, development and prosperity. Countries need to stay committed to the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, equity and respective capabilities, and need to jointly tackle climate change and work for the Paris Agreement to be universally accepted and take effect at an early date. Developed countries need to play a leading role, deliver on their emissions reduction pledges and help developing countries improve the capacity to mitigate and adapt to climate change.
主席先生，各位同事！
Mr. President,
Dear Colleagues,
改革开放以来，中国经济持续快速增长，于2010年成为世界第二大经济体。近几年，在较高的发展基数上，在严峻复杂的国际环境和国内长期积累的深层次矛盾凸显的情况下，我们依靠改革创新，经济保持中高速增长，结构加快转型升级。今年上半年，经济增长6.7%，位居全球主要经济体前列。民生不断改善，居民收入与经济增长基本保持同步，城镇新增就业每年超过1300万人。中国经济规模已超过10万亿美元，现在一个百分点的增量相当于过去几个百分点的增量，一年的经济增量相当于一个中等收入国家经济总量，对世界经济增长的贡献率保持在25%左右。
Since China adopted the reform and opening-up policy, the Chinese economy has maintained rapid growth to become the world’s second largest economy in 2010. In recent years, the Chinese economy has been growing on a large base figure amidst global complexities as well as long accumulated underlying domestic issues. China has relied on reform and innovation to maintain a medium-high growth rate and accelerated economic transformation and upgrading. In the first half of this year, the growth rate was 6.7%, which was among the fastest in major economies. People’s livelihood kept improving, personal income growth was basically in sync with economic growth, and over 13 million new urban jobs were being created on an annual basis. China’s economic aggregate has exceeded US$10 trillion. Every one percentage point of growth now equals several percentage points of growth before, and the yearly economic increment is tantamount to the economic aggregate of a middle-income country. China’s contribution to global economic growth has been around 25%.
中国虽然是世界第二大经济体，但仍然是发展中国家，要实现现代化，还有很长的路要走。展望未来，中国经济发展潜力大、优势足、空间广，前景光明。我们将紧紧抓住发展这个第一要务，深入贯彻落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，推动经济保持中高速增长、迈向中高端水平。
The world’s second largest economy as it is, China remains a developing country, and much awaits to be done in modernization. Looking ahead, the Chinese economy enjoys bright prospects given its big potential, ample advantages and vast space of development. China will continue to give priority to development, pursue innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, and strive to maintain medium-high speed of growth and move to medium-high level of development.
——中国要在深化改革中发展。中国过去发展取得成就靠的是改革，今后的发展仍然要依靠改革。我们将坚定不移全面深化改革，激发市场活力和社会创造力。既要保持总需求力度，也要加快推动供给侧结构性改革，着力改善供给质量，保持经济平稳运行、推动结构转型升级。深化简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革，积极推进财税、金融、投资、国企等重点领域改革。深入实施创新驱动发展战略，推动大众创业、万众创新，培育发展新动能，改造提升传统动能，促进中国经济在加快转型升级中平稳增长、在平稳增长中加快转型升级。
– China will promote development through deepening reform. Reform has held the key to China’s achievements in development, and the same remains true for the future. China will not waver in deepening reform across the board to boost market vitality and social creativity. While maintaining aggregate demand, we will accelerate supply-side structural reform, improve the quality of supply, ensure steady economic performance, and advance structural transformation and upgrading. We will streamline administration, delegate powers, strengthen regulation and improve services, and will make proactive efforts to advance reforms in key sectors such as fiscal policy, taxation, finance, investment and state owned enterprises. We will follow an innovation-driven development strategy and one of mass entrepreneurship and innovation, and foster new growth drivers while upgrading traditional ones. The purpose is to ensure faster economic transformation and upgrading and steady economic growth.
——中国要在扩大开放中发展。中国过去几十年的经验证明，封闭则停滞落后，开放则发展繁荣。中国将坚定不移奉行互利共赢的开放战略，对外开放的大门会越开越大。我们将进一步提高开放型经济水平，扩大服务业和一般制造业开放，推进国内高标准自由贸易试验区建设，加快同有关国家商签自由贸易协定和投资协定，对外商投资企业实行负面清单管理制度，营造更加公平、透明、可预期的营商环境。我们将创新对外投资合作方式，愿同有关各方一道，共同推动“一带一路”建设和国际产能合作，实现更广泛的互利共赢。
– China will promote development through expanding opening-up. China’s experience in past decades proves that a close-door policy only leads to stagnation and backwardness, and it is opening-up that brings development and prosperity. With a firm commitment to the win-win strategy of opening-up, China will open its door even wider to the outside world. We will further improve the open economy, increase access to the service and manufacturing sectors, develop high-standard pilot free trade zones, accelerate the signing of FTAs and investment treaties with countries concerned, conduct negative list management for foreign-invested companies, and foster a more equitable, transparent and predictable business environment. We will adopt new approaches to investment overseas, and work with parties concerned to advance the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road as well as global production capacity cooperation. These are ways to achieve even greater mutual benefits and win-win development with more countries.
——中国要在维护和平中发展。曾长期饱受战乱之苦的中国人民，倍加珍惜和平。中国坚定不移走和平发展道路，坚持大小国家一律平等，在和平共处五项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作关系。中国践行亲诚惠容的周边外交理念，积极通过对话谈判和友好协商解决包括领土和海洋权益争端在内的各种分歧和问题，努力求同存异、聚同化异，为维护地区和平稳定作出了不懈努力。中国一贯推动和平解决热点问题，积极参与反恐、防扩散等领域国际合作。中国支持国际社会解决难民问题的努力，将向有关国家和国际组织提供总额达3亿美元的人道主义援助。
– China will promote development by upholding peace. For the Chinese people that have in the past seen too many wars for too long, peace is to be doubly cherished. China is a dedicated follower of the path of peaceful development. China regards all countries as equals whatever their size, and China pursues friendship and cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. China’s neighborhood policy is one of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness. China has worked through dialogue, negotiation and friendly consultation to address differences and questions with other countries, including disputes concerning territory and maritime rights and interests. China’s approach is to expand common ground and shelve differences, and China has never relented its efforts for regional peace and stability. China has all along worked for the peaceful settlement of hotspot issues, and has taken an active part in international cooperation in counter-terrorism and non-proliferation. China supports international efforts to address the refugee issue, and will provide US$300 million worth of humanitarian assistance to relevant countries and international organizations.
作为13亿人口的发展中大国，中国办好自己的事情，就是对世界和平与发展的最大贡献。同时，中国认真履行应尽的国际义务，对广大发展中国家谋求发展、摆脱贫困的愿望感同身受，一直在努力予以支持和帮助。截至2015年底，中国累计向166个国家和国际、区域组织提供4000多亿元人民币的援款，为发展中国家培训各类人员1200多万人次。今后，中国将继续加强与发展中国家的合作，对非洲和最不发达国家给予力所能及的帮助，实现共同发展繁荣。
China is a major developing country with a 1.3 billion population. Managing its own affairs well is its biggest contribution to peace and development in the world. Meanwhile, China also works in real earnest to fulfill its international obligations. China knows just how much other developing countries desire to achieve development and root out poverty, and has rendered them support and assistance to the best of its ability. By the end of 2015, China had provided a total of over RMB400 billion to 166 countries and international and regional organizations and provided training to over 12 million professionals in various sectors from other developing countries. Going forward, China will strengthen cooperation with other developing countries, and will do whatever is possible to help African countries and LDCs for the purpose of achieving common development and common prosperity.
中国在推动可持续发展议程方面已付诸行动，率先发布了《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》。同时，支持相关领域国际合作，到2020年中国对联合国有关发展机构的年度捐款总额，将在2015年的基础上增加1亿美元。中国是第一批向联合国交存《巴黎协定》批准文书的国家，将认真履行承诺。
China has taken action to advance the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. It was among the first to release a national plan on agenda implementation. Meanwhile, China remains supportive of relevant international cooperation. China’s total annual contributions to UN development agencies will be raised by US$100 million by 2020 from the 2015 level. China was among the first countries to deposit with the UN an instrument of ratification of the Paris Agreement, and China will earnestly honor its commitment made in this regard.
主席先生，各位同事！
Mr. President,
Dear Colleagues,
实现可持续发展目标，是我们共同的任务。中国愿与国际社会携手前行，为建设一个人人免于匮乏、获得发展、享有尊严的美好世界作出应有贡献！
To achieve the goals for sustainable development is our common task. China stands ready to work with other members of the international community and contribute its fair share to a world free from want, and a world of development and dignity for all.
谢谢大家！
Thank you.
（编辑:向简）
京公网安备11010802022018号