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书:英语口译教程口译技巧总结之四

时间:2011/9/29 来源:Twin 浏览次数:1572

  十、记笔记:篇章笔记法(Note-taking: Textual Form)
  大量的篇章笔记练习有助于我们体验重要信息、次要信息和非重要信息的特点,以免“芝麻西瓜齐抓共管,胡子眉毛尽数拔光”。记笔记时最好用一本上下可翻用的笔记本,注意在笔记页的上、下、左、右都留出一定的空间用来记录后置的信息,所记的每一条信息应自占一行,所用的各项笔记符号要清晰,以免翻译时因潦草难辨而误译。
  篇章笔记的训练可采用以下步骤:
  1、学生自己朗读或由别人以正常速度朗读两三页书,然后用通用、规范符号或个性化的代码记笔记;
  2、根据心记和笔记的内容,重新写出听到的全文,然后与原文进行
  3、对导致错误或遗漏的口译记录符号不完备之处进行分析,加以完善。
  十一、词语选用(Diction)
  在学生理解口译培训中“传递意义”的原理后,教学的重点应放在通过大量口译实践,归纳一些常用的处理方法和技巧,如增词、减词、合并、重复、意译等。灵活运用词量增减、词类转换、正面反说、语态转换等翻译技巧,可以帮助我们妥善解决内容与形式之间的矛盾,使译文做到内容忠实、文字通顺、行文简洁、明确易懂。
  1、增词法
  原文:只要依法经营,照章纳税,维护职工的合法权益,并且符合安全和环保的要求,我们支持和鼓励个体私营企业发展,这是扩大就业的一个非常重要的渠道。
  译文:So long as these enterprises operate in accordance with law, pay taxes in accordance with regulation; so long as these enterprises meet the safety environmental standards, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the employees, the government would support and actually encourage their growth because their development will be very important for the creation of more job opportunities.
  “依法经营,照章纳税,维护职工的合法权益”和“符合安全和环保的要求”口译时所需时间相对来说稍长,为了方便听众理解这里增加了 so long as。
  2、重复法
  原文:我们将在市场准入、税收、贷款和进出口等方面,给个体私营企业以平等的待遇。
  译文:We should ensure a leveled play field, in that leveled play field the individually-owned pr private-owned enterprises will get the same treatment when it comes to market access, taxation, loan equitation, import and export businesses.
  译员一开始就强调了“平等”,重复leveled play field可以帮助译员争取时间更好地整理信息。
  3、省略法
  原文:在我国改革开放和现代化建设发展的关键时期,我们召开这样一个承前启后、继往开来的大会具有极为重要的意义。
  译文:With China’s reform and opening up and socialist modernization drive at the critical stage, it is of extremely great significance for us to have convened such a congress that builds on the past and prepares for the future.
  汉语讲究重复、对仗和韵律;英语则讲究简洁,避免用词重复、语义重叠。“承前启后”与“继往开来”在语义上差别不大,口译时只需译出其中之一,而不用啰嗦地译出inherits the past and ushers in the future, and builds on the past and prepares for the future.
  4、直译法
  原文:现在伊拉克的局势已经箭在弦上,一触即发。但是,只要有一线希望,就不应放弃通过政治方式解决的努力。
  译文:Now with regard to the situation in Iraq, the arrow has already been placed on the bow, it is a touch-and-go situation. However, so long as there is a piece of hope, we will not give up our effort for a peaceful political settlement.
  5、意译法
  原文:时间很短,我长话短说。
  译文:Time is very limited, so I will be very brief.
  6、反译法
  原文:只有让人民监督政府,政府才不会懈怠。只有人人负起责任来,才不会人亡政息。
  译文:Only when the public are asked to supervise the government, the government cannot afford to slacken its efforts, and only when every person assumes his or her responsibility, can we ensure the vigor and vitality of government.
  有时原文直译出来给人的感觉不好,这时反过来译会取得意想不到的效果。
  7、补充背景资料
  原文:您曾经说过,我们一定会走出历史上“黄宗羲定律”这个怪圈。请问您认为我们的税费改革怎么才能走出这个怪圈。
  译文:You once said that China would definitely be able to break the vicious cycle of the law of Huang Zongxi, which means, in history, tax reforms aimed at reducing the farmer’s burden always ended up exacerbating their burden. I wonder how can we break the vicious cycle?
  口译时要根据听众对话题的了解适当增补背景资料,方便听众理解。

 

 

 

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