中英时政翻译中如何处理动词和名词的转换?
转换词性是中译英实践中经常用到的翻译手法。一般来说,汉语更习惯于多用动词,叙述多呈动态(dynamic),而英语更习惯于多用名词,叙述多呈静态(static)。因此,在中译英过程中,经常会把一些动词转译成名词,这样的处理通常会使表达更流畅。以下是几个例子:
【例1】
(两个决议)实事求是总结党的重大历史事件和重要经验教训。
These two resolutions embody a facts-based review of major events in the Party’s history, as well as important experience gained and lessons learned.
【例2】
党从思想、法律、体制、组织、作风上全面发力,全方位、全地域、全过程加强生态环境保护。
Through all-out efforts in the areas of theory, law, institutions, organization, and conduct, the Party has strengthened ecological conservation and environment protection in all dimensions and regions and at all times.
【例3】
中国迫切需要新的思想引领救亡运动,迫切需要新的组织凝聚革命力量。
China was in urgent need of new ideas to lead the movement to save the nation and a new organization to rally forces of revolution.
【例4】
更加自觉地推进绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展,坚持走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。
We must act with greater resolve to promote green, circular, and low-carbon development, and adhere to a model of sustainable development featuring increased production, higher living standards, and healthy ecosystems.
注:本文译例选自《关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议》。
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