收藏 | 2021年12月热词中英汇总
12月，中老铁路全线开通运营，国务院新闻办发表《中国的民主》白皮书，全国宗教工作会议在北京召开坚持我国宗教中国化方向，更好推进中国特色社会主义法治体系建设，农村人居环境整治提升五年行动方案，中国入世20周年，南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日，中央经济工作会议提出明年经济工作要稳字当头、稳中求进，坚定文化自信，中俄关系是21世纪国家间协作的典范，我国开展全民义务植树40年来已累计义务植树781亿株，加快建设全国统一大市场，《“一国两制”下香港的民主发展》白皮书发表，厦门经济特区建设40周年，中国气象局发布我国第一份国家温室气体观测网名录，今年是农村义务教育学生营养改善计划实施的第十年，保障好初级产品供给，国首部专门保护湿地的法律出台，外资准入负面清单，《“十四五”智能制造发展规划》发布，国务院新闻办公室12月29日发布《中国的出口管制》白皮书。 获取 更多热词（PDF版） 扫码关注公众号（OKTranslation） 对话框内回复“热词”获取下载！ 中老铁路 China-Laos Railway 中老铁路于12月3日全线开通运营。中老铁路全长1035公里，连接中国西南部云南省昆明市和老挝首都万象，是中国“一带一路”倡议与老挝“变陆锁国为陆联国”战略对接的重要项目。 The China-Laos Railway, a landmark project connecting Kunming in southwest China's Yunnan province with the Laotian capital, Vientiane, begins operations on Dec 3. The 1,035-kilometer-long railway is a docking project between the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative and Laos' strategy to convert itself from a landlocked country to a land-linked hub. 高质量共建“一带一路” high-quality Belt and Road cooperation 互联互通伙伴关系 partnership for connectivity 中国的民主 China's democracy 国务院新闻办12月4日发表《中国的民主》白皮书，系统介绍了中国民主价值理念、发展历程、制度体系、参与实践和成就贡献。 China's State Council Information Office on Dec 4 released a white paper titled "China: Democracy That Works," which expounded on the values, history, institutional frameworks, practices, and achievements of China's democracy. 全过程人民民主 whole-process people's democracy 人民当家作主 people run their own country 宗教中国化方向 the principle of developing religions in the Chinese context 全国宗教工作会议12月3日至4日在北京召开。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平出席会议并发表重要讲话，强调要全面贯彻新时代党的宗教工作理论，全面贯彻党的宗教工作基本方针，全面贯彻党的宗教信仰自由政策，坚持我国宗教中国化方向，积极引导宗教与社会主义社会相适应。 President Xi Jinping has stressed upholding the principle of developing religions in the Chinese context, and providing active guidance for the adaptation of religions to socialist society. Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, made the remarks while addressing a national conference on work related to religious affairs, held from Dec 3 to 4 in Beijing. Xi highlighted fully implementing the Party's theory on religious affairs in the new era, the basic policy on religious affairs, and the policy on the freedom of religious belief. 中国特色社会主义宗教理论 religious theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics 宗教工作法治化 management of religious work under the rule of law 中国特色社会主义法治体系 the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics 12月6日，中共中央总书记习近平在主持中共中央政治局集体学习时强调，要坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路，更好推进中国特色社会主义法治体系建设。 Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, has stressed resolute adherence to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, and advancing the development of such a system. Xi made the remarks while speaking at a group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on Dec 6. 法治政府建设 the building of a law-based government 法治社会 law-based society 普法宣传教育 improve public awareness of laws 农村人居环境整治提升 rural living environment upgrade 中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅近日印发了农村人居环境整治提升五年行动方案。方案指出，改善农村人居环境事关广大农民根本福祉，事关美丽中国建设。 China has released a five-year action plan on improving rural living environment. Rural living environment upgrade is closely related to the well-being of farmers and the construction of a beautiful China, according to the plan jointly issued by the General Office of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council. 乡村振兴战略 rural vitalization strategy 厕所革命 toilet revolution 中国入世20周年 the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO 今年是中国加入世界贸易组织20周年。20年来，中国经济总量从世界第六位上升到第二位，货物贸易从世界第六位上升到第一位，服务贸易从世界第十一位上升到第二位，利用外资稳居发展中国家首位，对外直接投资从世界第二十六位上升到第一位。 This year marks the 20th anniversary of China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). During the past 20 years, China has grown from the world's sixth-largest economy to the second largest. Meanwhile, its trade in goods has grown from the sixth to the largest in the world and trade in services from the 11th to the second. China has led developing countries in utilized foreign investment, and its outbound direct investment (ODI) has risen from the 26th to the first. 高水平开放 high-standard opening-up 以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体制 multilateral trading regime with the WTO at its core 开放型世界经济 open world economy 南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日 the National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims 12月13日是南京大屠杀发生84周年纪念日，也是第八个南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日。上午10点，南京市举行公祭仪式缅怀30万遇难同胞，现场降半旗，全城鸣笛致哀。 December 13 marks the 84th anniversary of the Nanjing Massacre and the eighth National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims. National flag flied at half mast and sirens were heard across the city of Nanjing at 10 am as China held a memorial ceremony to mourn the 300,000 victims of the Nanjing Massacre. 抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggressions 反人类的暴行 atrocities against humanity 稳字当头、稳中求进 prioritize stability while pursuing progress 中央经济工作会议提出，明年经济工作要稳字当头、稳中求进，各地区各部门要担负起稳定宏观经济的责任，各方面要积极推出有利于经济稳定的政策。 Economic work next year should prioritize stability while pursuing progress, the Central Economic Work Conference noted, calling on all regions and departments to assume responsibility for stabilizing the macroeconomy, and all sides to take the initiative and launch policies conducive to economic stability. 统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展 coordinate epidemic control with economic and social development 宏观政策跨周期调节 cross-cycle policy adjustment 文化自信 cultural confidence 中国文学艺术界联合会第十一次全国代表大会、中国作家协会第十次全国代表大会12月14日在北京人民大会堂开幕。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平出席大会并发表重要讲话强调，广大文艺工作者要增强文化自觉，坚定文化自信，展示中国文艺新气象，铸就中华文化新辉煌。 President Xi Jinping on Dec 14 called on Chinese artists and writers to boost their awareness of and confidence in Chinese culture, create new prospects for Chinese literature and art, and add new luster to Chinese culture. Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, made the remarks at the opening ceremony of the 11th National Congress of China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and the 10th National Congress of China Writers Association at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. 百花齐放、百家争鸣方针 policy of "letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend" 社会主义文艺繁荣发展 the prosperity of socialist literature and art 21世纪国家间协作的典范 a model for international relations in the 21st century 国家主席习近平12月15日同俄罗斯总统普京举行视频会晤。双方称赞中俄关系是21世纪国家间协作的典范，承诺加强合作，有效维护两国核心利益，坚定捍卫国际公平正义。两国元首相约明年2月在北京举行线下会晤。 Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin held a video meeting on Dec 15, as they praised "model" China-Russia relations in the 21st century and pledged to cooperate more on safeguarding the two countries' core interests and upholding international fairness and justice. The two leaders also agreed to have an in-person meeting in February in Beijing. 中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系 China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era 《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》 China-Russia Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation 全民义务植树 nationwide voluntary tree-planting campaign 全国绿化委员会办公室近日公布的数据显示，我国开展全民义务植树 40年来，已累计义务植树781亿株。 Volunteers in China have planted 78.1 billion trees since the onset of the country's voluntary tree-planting campaign 40 years ago, data from the National Greening Commission showed. 森林资源 forest resources “双碳”目标 carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals 人工林 manmade forest 全国统一大市场 a unified national market 中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席、中央全面深化改革委员会主任习近平12月17日主持召开中央全面深化改革委员会第二十三次会议。习近平在主持会议时强调，要加快建设全国统一大市场，提高政府监管效能，深入推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设。 President Xi Jinping urged efforts to build a unified national market at a faster pace and enhance government oversight efficacy on Dec 17. Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, also stressed furthering the construction of world-class universities and first-class disciplines. He made the remarks while chairing the 23rd meeting of the Central Committee for Deepening Overall Reform. He is the director of the committee. 社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy 转变政府职能 the transformation of government functions 区域协调发展战略 coordinated regional development strategies “一国两制”下香港的民主发展 Hong Kong: Democratic Progress Under the Framework of One Country, Two Systems 国务院新闻办公室12月20日发表《“一国两制”下香港的民主发展》白皮书，全面回顾香港特别行政区民主的产生和发展历程，进一步阐明中央政府对香港特别行政区民主发展的原则立场。 China's State Council Information Office on December 20 issued a white paper titled "Hong Kong: Democratic Progress Under the Framework of One Country, Two Systems." The white paper presented a comprehensive review of the origin and development of democracy in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), and the principles and position of the central government. 爱国者治港 patriots governing Hong Kong “一国两制”、“港人治港”、高度自治的方针 the policy of "one country, two systems" under which the people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy 厦门经济特区建设40周年 the 40th anniversary of the establishment of the Xiamen SEZ 在厦门经济特区建设40周年之际，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平发来贺信。习近平在贺信中指出，40年来，厦门经济特区开拓创新、锐意进取，各项事业实现历史性跨越，为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设作出重要贡献，在促进祖国统一大业中发挥了独特作用。厦门经济特区建设40周年庆祝大会12月21日在福建省厦门市举行，会上宣读了习近平的贺信。 President Xi Jinping has sent a congratulatory letter on the 40th anniversary of the establishment of the Xiamen Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in east China's Fujian province. The letter by Xi, also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, was read out on Dec 21 at a gathering marking the anniversary in Xiamen. Xi commended the SEZ for breaking new ground and conducting innovative practices and making historic strides in various respects over the past 40 years, adding that the SEZ has made important contributions to the country's reform, opening-up, and socialist modernization, and played a unique role in promoting national reunification. 两岸融合发展 integrated development across the Taiwan Straits 全方位开放 opening-up on all fronts 国家温室气体观测网 national greenhouse gas observation network 近日，中国气象局发布我国第一份国家温室气体观测网名录，这标志着经过近40年建设，我国首个温室气体观测网基本建成。 China's meteorological authority said that the country has basically established its first greenhouse gas observation network after nearly 40 years of construction. The announcement came after the China Meteorological Administration released its first national greenhouse gas observation network directory. “双碳”目标 carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals 绿色转型 green transition 碳补偿 carbon offset 农村义务教育学生营养改善计划 the nutrition improvement program for rural students in compulsory education 今年是农村义务教育学生营养改善计划实施的第十年。中国发展研究基金会发布的数据显示，截至2020年底，全国有28个省份1732个县实施了营养改善计划，覆盖农村义务教育学校约13.16万所，受益学生约3798万人。 This year marks the 10th anniversary of China's nutrition improvement program for rural students in compulsory education. According to statistics from the China Development Research Foundation, by the end of 2020, 1,732 counties from 28 provinces have participated in the program, covering approximately 131,600 schools and 37.98 million students. 营养餐 nutritious meals 补齐民生短板 shore up weak links regarding people's livelihoods 健康儿童行动提升计划 action plan for child health improvement 初级产品供给 the supply of primary products 中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平主持召开中央政治局常委会会议专题研究“三农”工作并发表重要讲话。习近平强调，保障好初级产品供给是一个重大战略性问题，中国人的饭碗任何时候都要牢牢端在自己手中。 President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, presided over a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on issues related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and delivered an important speech. Xi emphasized that ensuring the supply of primary products is a major strategic issue and the Chinese people must have firm control over their own food supply. 种子和耕地问题 problems related to seeds and farmlands 国家粮食安全战略 national strategies for food security 高标准农田 high-quality farmland 湿地保护法 law on wetlands protection 12月24日，十三届全国人大常委会第三十二次会议表决通过了湿地保护法，标志着我国首部专门保护湿地的法律出台。该法将自2022年6月1日起施行。 Chinese lawmakers on Dec 24 voted to pass a new law on wetlands protection at the 32nd session of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress, establishing the country's first specialized law on the issue. The law will take effect on June 1, 2022. 该法规定，各级人民政府应当通过湿地保护日、湿地保护宣传周等开展宣传教育活动，增强全社会湿地保护意识。 Governments at all levels should raise public awareness of protecting wetlands through various campaigns, such as setting up "wetland protection day" or "wetland protection week," according to the law. 生态保护红线 ecological conservation red lines 泥炭沼泽 peat swamps 红树林湿地 mangrove wetlands 外资准入负面清单 negative lists for foreign investment 国家发展改革委、商务部12月27日对外发布《外商投资准入特别管理措施（负面清单）（2021年版）》和《自由贸易试验区外商投资准入特别管理措施（负面清单）（2021年版）》，自2022年1月1日起施行。这是我国连续第五年缩减全国和自贸试验区负面清单。 The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce on December 27 unveiled the Special Administrative Measures on Access to Foreign Investment (2021 Edition) and the Free Trade Zone Special Administrative Measures on Access to Foreign Investment (2021 Edition), both of which will take effect on January 1, 2022. This marks the fifth consecutive year that China has shortened its national negative list and pilot free trade zone (FTZ) negative list. 开放型经济格局 open economic architecture 贸易和投资自由化便利化 trade and investment liberalization and facilitation 智能制造发展规划 development plan on smart-manufacturing 12月28日，工业和信息化部等部门联合对外发布的《“十四五”智能制造发展规划》明确提出，到2025年，建成500个以上引领行业发展的智能制造示范工厂。 China will build more than 500 industry-leading smart-manufacturing demonstration plants by 2025, according to a development plan on smart manufacturing issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other departments on Dec 28. 制造业核心竞争力 core competitiveness of manufacturing industry 高质量发展 high-quality development 数字基础设施 digital infrastructure 出口管制 export control 国务院新闻办公室12月29日发布《中国的出口管制》白皮书。这是中国首次发布出口管制的白皮书，旨在全面介绍中国完善出口管制治理的立场、制度和实践，阐述中国维护世界和平与发展，维护国家安全和国际安全的主张和行动。 China issued its first white paper on export controls on Dec 29. The document, titled "China's Export Controls" and released by the State Council Information Office, elaborated on China's position, institutions, and practices in improving export control governance, as well as its commitments and actions to safeguard world peace and development, and security at national and international level. 总体国家安全观 a holistic approach to national security 树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的全球安全观 adopt a common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable outlook on global security 灭活疫苗 inactivated vaccine 中非友好合作 China-Africa friendship and cooperation 中非全面战略合作伙伴关系 China-Africa comprehensive strategic and cooperative partnership 新时代中非命运共同体 a China-Africa community with a shared future in the new era 基于大数据的产品和服务 big data-powered products and services 快速发展 on a fast track 复合年增长率 compound annual growth rate 市场定价机制 market-oriented pricing mechanism 生态文明 ecological civilization 非物质文化遗产保护 protection of intangible cultural heritage 文化多样性 cultural diversity 国家级非物质文化遗产继承人 inheritor of national intangible cultural heritage 文化资源整合 integration of cultural resources 高质量共建“一带一路” high-quality Belt and Road cooperation 互联互通伙伴关系 partnership for connectivity 中老铁路 China-Laos Railway 大数据产业链 industrial chain of big data 人工智能 artificial intelligence 国家大数据战略 the national big data strategy 大数据产业 big data industry 载人空间站 manned space station 载人航天工程 manned space program 空间实验室 space lab 交会对接 rendezvous and docking 货运飞船 cargo spacecraft 航天功勋奖章 Space Service Medal 英雄航天员 Heroic Astronaut 近地轨道 low-Earth orbit 闭环管理 closed-loop management 高水平开放 high-standard opening-up 以世界贸易组织为核心的多边贸易体制 multilateral trading regime with the WTO at its core 开放型世界经济 open world economy 高质量教育体系 high-quality education system 现代职业教育体系 modern vocational education system 优师计划 targeted teacher training plan 城乡义务教育一体化发展 coordinated development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas 抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression 反人类的暴行 atrocities against humanity 南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日 the National Memorial Day for Nanjing Massacre Victims 中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系 China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era 《中俄睦邻友好合作条约》 China-Russia Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation 21世纪国家间协作的典范 a model for international relations in the 21st century 医联体建设 establish medical treatment partnerships to promote effective cooperation and coordination between different types of medical institutions 远程医疗 telemedicine 医保支付方式 models of health insurance payment 本土病例 locally transmitted cases 无症状感染者 asymptomatic cases 健康码互认 mutual recognition of health code 性别平等 gender equality 女性权益 women's rights 妇女赋权 women's empowerment 性别收入差距 gender pay gap 性别刻板印象 gender stereotype 中国金鸡百花电影节 China Golden Rooster and Hundred Flowers Film Festival 最佳故事片提名 nominees for best film 最佳国际影片 best international film 20个奖项 20 awards 谍战惊悚片 spy thriller 外国电影首次参加中国电影大奖角逐 Foreign films joined the race for China's top film awards for the first time 开放型经济格局 open economic architecture 贸易和投资自由化便利化 trade and investment liberalization and facilitation 外资准入负面清单 negative lists for foreign investment 获取 更多热词（PDF版） 扫码关注公众号（OKTranslation） 对话框内回复“热词”获取下载！ 来源：中国日报、卢敏热词等，仅供交流、学习之用，版权归原作者、原出处所有，若有侵犯了您的合法权益，请联系我们进行更正、删除，谢谢！
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