收藏 | 10月新闻热词中英汇总
10月，中国正式加入“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”；中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《深圳建设中国特色社会主义先行示范区综合改革试点实施方案（2020－2025年）》；刑事责任年龄拟调整；“两高一部”发布指导意见应对“碰瓷”；新修订的《未成年人保护法》表决通过；部分车型驾照70岁年龄上限将取消；京沪高铁将推出“静音车厢”；中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第五次全体会议召开，审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》（proposals for formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035）。
新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划 COVAX China signed an agreement with Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, officially joining COVAX on Oct 8. This is an important step China has taken to uphold the concept of a shared community of health for all and to honor its commitment of turning COVID-19 vaccines into a global public good. 10月8日，中国同全球疫苗免疫联盟签署协议，正式加入“新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划”。这是中国秉持人类卫生健康共同体理念、履行自身承诺推动疫苗成为全球公共产品的一个重要举措。
中国特色社会主义先行示范区 a pilot demonstration area of socialism with Chinese characteristics 中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发了《深圳建设中国特色社会主义先行示范区综合改革试点实施方案（2020－2025年）》。 Supporting Shenzhen to pilot the comprehensive authorized reform measures is another significant step to advance the city's opening-up in the new era and a key move in building a pilot demonstration area of socialism with Chinese characteristics, said the document. 方案指出，支持深圳实施综合授权改革试点，是新时代推动深圳改革开放再出发的又一重大举措，是建设中国特色社会主义先行示范区的关键一招。
野生动物 wild animals Captive breeding of 45 types of wild animals, including bamboo rats, will be phased out by the end of this year, the National Forestry and Grassland Administration said. 国家林草局表示，对于竹鼠等45种野生动物，要在年底前逐步停止养殖活动。 确需适量保留种源（for the purpose of keeping the species alive）用于科学研究等非食用性目的的，要充分论证工作方案的可行性，并严格履行相关手续。
青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 10月13日，刑法修正案（十一）草案二审稿提请全国人大常委会审议。草案二审稿的一系列新修改引人注目。 * 拟个别调整刑事责任年龄 If a juvenile who has reached the age of 12, but is under 14, commits intentional homicide or inflicts an injury that leads to death under flagrant circumstances, he or she shall bear criminal responsibility upon attestation and approval of the Supreme People's Procuratorate (SPP), according to the draft. 草案规定，已满12周岁不满14周岁的人，犯故意杀人、故意伤害罪，致人死亡，情节恶劣的，经最高人民检察院核准，应当负刑事责任。
碰瓷 staged crash fraud 最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部近日联合印发《关于依法办理“碰瓷”违法犯罪案件的指导意见》，全面加强对此类违法犯罪行为的打击力度。 The guideline identifies and specifies several illegal acts, such as deliberately crashing a car to claim compensation, and their corresponding punishments. 指导意见针对“碰瓷”手法多样的情况，进一步明确案件的定性和处罚。
消除绝对贫困 eradicate absolute poverty Tibet Autonomous Region has accomplished the historical feat of eradicating absolute poverty, according to a press briefing held in the regional capital of Lhasa Thursday. By the end of 2019, Tibet had lifted 628,000 people out of poverty and delisted 74 county-level areas from the poverty list, said Wu Yingjie, Communist Party of China chief of Tibet. 西藏自治区委员会书记吴英杰在发布会上表示，截至2019年底，西藏74个贫困县全部摘帽，62.8万建档立卡贫困人口全部脱贫，历史性消除绝对贫困。
未成年人保护法 Law on Protection of Minors 10月17日，新修订的《未成年人保护法》经十三届全国人大常委会第二十二次会议表决通过，自2021年6月1日起施行。 The amended Law on Protection of Minors has almost twice as many clauses as the old version of the law and includes a new chapter on internet protection in a bid to protect those under the age of 18 when they are online. 新修订的《未成年人保护法》比现行法律增加了近一倍条款，并新增“网络保护”章，以保护未成年人网络安全。
含汞体温计 mercury thermometers 国家药监局在其网站发布《国家药监局综合司关于履行有关事项的通知》。 China will ban the production of mercury thermometers and sphygmomanometers nationwide starting in 2026, according to the statement. 通知指出，自2026年起，我国将全面禁止生产含汞体温计和含汞血压计产品。
新冠疫苗 COVID-19 vaccine China currently has 13 vaccine candidates in clinical trials, of which three inactivated vaccines and one adenovirus vector vaccine are in phase three trials, and about 60,000 volunteers have been inoculated with the four vaccine candidates, said Tian Baoguo, deputy head of the Department of Science and Technology for Social Development of the Ministry of Science and Technology. 科技部社会发展科技司副司长田保国介绍，目前我国已有13个疫苗进入临床阶段。其中，灭活疫苗和腺病毒载体疫苗两种技术路线共4个疫苗进入三期临床。截至目前，共计约6万名受试者接种。
生态环境质量改善 environmental improvements China will be able to meet all of its nine pollution control targets during the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-20) period as scheduled. "The environmental improvements in the country after 2015 have been bigger than those in each of the other five-year plan periods," said Zhao Yingmin, vice-minister of ecology and environment, at the news conference. 生态环境部副部长赵英民在发布会上表示，“十三五”时期是迄今为止生态环境质量改善成效最大的五年，我国将如期完成“十三五”规划纲要确定的9项污染防治指标。
驾照年龄限制 age limit for driving license China will allow citizens over 70 to apply for driving licenses, on condition that their health meets the requirements for safe driving, the Ministry of Public Security announced. 公安部表示，身体条件达到安全驾驶要求的情况下，70岁以上的人员可以申请驾照。
新冠病毒核酸检测移动实验室 COVID-19 Mobile Laboratory 由清华大学、生物芯片北京国家工程研究中心和北京博奥晶典生物技术有限公司共同自主研发的国内首款由轻型客车搭载的新冠病毒核酸检测移动实验室正式交付。 The COVID-19 Mobile Laboratory can analyze nucleic acid samples on the spot, allowing people to obtain results within 45 minutes. 新冠病毒核酸检测移动实验室可现场分析核酸样本，45分钟内出结果。
静音车厢 quiet carriage 京沪高速铁路股份有限公司表示，今年年底前，京沪高铁将推出“静音车厢”及计次季票等新型票制产品系列服务新举措。 The quiet carriages are aimed at providing a more tranquil and comfortable ambience for travelers. Passengers willing to obey the rules can choose the "quiet carriage" while booking tickets on the website or mobile app 12306, according to the Beijing-Shanghai High Speed Railway Co. Ltd. 京沪高速铁路股份有限公司表示，“静音车厢”可为旅客提供更加安静舒适的旅行环境，愿意遵守相应行为规范的旅客，通过12306网站和手机客户端等购票时可自行选择“静音车厢”。
手机浏览器 browser apps The Cyberspace Administration of China told operators of the browser apps to conduct self-examinations and rectify problems by Nov 9. The problems include the spreading of rumors, the use of sensational headlines and the dissemination of vulgar content, the statement said. 国家网信办要求手机浏览器运营商在11月9日之前进行自查整改，整改的问题包括，传播谣言、“标题党”，以及传播低俗内容等。
承载量 carrying capacity China plans to lay down a red line on carrying capacities to cope with potential overtourism at its grotto relics, said heritage and tourism authorities. 国家文物和旅游管理部门表示，将对石窟寺等遗产景区设置承载量警示线，以解决可能出现的过度旅游问题。
十九届五中全会 the fifth plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee 中国共产党第十九届中央委员会第五次全体会议，于2020年10月26日至29日在北京举行。 全会听取和讨论了习近平受中央政治局委托作的工作报告，审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和二〇三五年远景目标的建议》（proposals for formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035）。
热词汇总 “十四五”规划编制 14th Five-Year Plan formulation 构建新发展格局 build a new development pattern “两个一百年”奋斗目标 Two Centenary Goals 拓宽征求意见渠道，丰富征求意见形式 expand channels and multiply means for soliciting opinions 新型消费 new forms of consumption 援企、稳岗、扩就业 support enterprises, stabilize employment and create more jobs 新驱动发展战略 innovation-driven development strategy 经济特区 special economic zone 中国特色社会主义先行示范区 a demonstration pilot area of socialism with Chinese characteristics 要素市场化配置 market-based allocation of production factors 优化营商环境 optimize business environment 更多改革自主权 greater autonomy to carry out reforms 人类卫生健康共同体 a global community of health for all 疫苗联合研发 joint research and development of vaccines 传染病防治 prevention and control of infectious diseases 动物防疫 animal quarantine 公共卫生事件应急响应 public health emergency response 陆生野生动物 wild terrestrial animals 水生动物 aquatic animals 解决实际问题能力 capabilities of solving practical problems 政治能力 political competence 科学决策 scientific decision-making 新时代中国特色社会主义伟大实践 the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 刑事责任 criminal responsibility 刑事拘留 criminal detention 教育为主、惩罚为辅 education first with punishment as a supporting approach 中国特色社会主义先行示范区 a pilot demonstration area of socialism with Chinese characteristics 经济特区 special economic zone 粤港澳大湾区 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area 营商环境优化 business environment optimization 扫黑除恶 battles against gang crimes 平安中国 Peaceful China initiative 第三方责任险 third party liability insurance 交通事故责任强制保险 mandatory liability insurance for traffic accidents of motor vehicles 保险诈骗 insurance fraud 中非合作论坛 the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) 中非合作 China-Africa cooperation 南南合作 South-South cooperation 中非命运共同体 China-Africa community with a shared future “两不愁三保障”：农村贫困人口不愁吃、不愁穿，义务教育、基本医疗、住房安全有保障 Rural poor people are free from worries over food and clothing and have access to compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing. 现行标准下的农村贫困人口全部脱贫 lift all rural residents living below the current poverty line out of poverty 贫困发生率 poverty headcount ratio 贫困线 poverty threshold/poverty line/poverty limit 易地扶贫搬迁 relocating the poor 扶贫基金 poverty alleviation funds 开发式扶贫 development-orientated poverty reduction 全球减贫进程 global poverty relief process 精准扶贫 targeted poverty alleviation 消除绝对贫困 eradicate absolute poverty 《联合国2030年可持续发展议程》 the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development of the United Nations 未成年人权益 minor's rights and interests 未成年人身心健康 physical and mental health of youngsters 校园欺凌 school bullying 留守儿童 left-behind children 防沉迷系统 anti-addiction system 量子科技 quantum science and technology 战略性新兴产业 strategic emerging industries 多学科交叉融合 interdisciplinary integration 多技术领域集成创新 integrated innovation in multi-technical fields 工业废水 industrial wastewater 危害 adverse effects 汞化合物 mercury compounds 安全替代品 safe substitutes 教育评价改革 education evaluation reform 素质教育 all-round education 教书育人 impart knowledge and cultivate people 立德树人 foster virtue through education 药品和疫苗研发 drug and vaccine development 随机试验 random trial 双盲试验 double-blind trial 安慰剂对照试验 placebo-controlled trial 免疫系统 immune system 伟大抗美援朝精神 great spirit in War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea 保卫和平、反抗侵略 safeguard peace and resist aggression 正义的胜利、和平的胜利、人民的胜利 a victory of justice, a victory of peace and a victory of the people 实现中国梦强军梦 realize the Chinese Dream and the dream of building a powerful military 空气污染防控督查 air pollution control inspections 可吸入颗粒物 inhalable particulate 污染物排放 pollutant emission 空气质量指数 air quality index 沙尘天气 sand and dust weather 可吸入颗粒物 PM10 可入肺颗粒物 PM2.5 生物安全法 Biosecurity Law 公共卫生安全 public health security 生物安全治理能力 biosecurity governance capability 新司机 newly qualified driver 闯红灯 run red light 遮挡、污损号牌 block or deface license plate 扣分处罚 point penalty 终身吊销驾照 have license revoked for life 无证驾驶 driving without a license 禁行区行驶 running through restricted areas 追尾 tailgating 肇事逃逸 hit-and-run 逃避交警检查 avoid police checkpoints 酒驾/毒驾 driving under influence（DUI） 不安全变道 unsafe lane changes 超速 speeding 超载 overloading 闯红灯 running red lights 基础研究 basic research 科技创新 sci-tech innovation 核心技术攻关 breakthroughs in core technologies 技术研发 technological research and development 无症状感染者 asymptomatic cases 密切接触者 close contacts 医学观察 medical observation 传染途径 route of transmission 药品和疫苗研发 drug and vaccine development 核酸检测 nucleic acid test 人均预期寿命 average life expectancy 健康中国行动 Healthy China initiative 人口健康状况 the overall health of a society 基本医保 basic medical insurance 交通强国 a country with strong transportation network 铁路营运里程 mileage of operational railway 高速飞行列车 HyperFlight 轨道交通 rail traffic 动车 bullet train 城际列车 inter-city train 民营企业转型升级 transformation and upgrading of private enterprises 非公有制经济 non-public sector of the economy 社会主义市场经济 the socialist market economy 混合所有制改革 mixed ownership reform 信息安全 information security 防沉迷系统 anti-addiction system 信息收集 information collection 信息泄露 information leak 隐私政策 privacy policy 插件 plug-in 快递包装绿色治理 green governance of express packaging 绿色发展 green development 资源节约型、环境友好型社会 resource-conserving, environment-friendly society 遏制环境破坏 curb environmental damage 出行轨迹 travel records 过度拥挤 overcrowding 分时段控制客流 control the number of visitors during different time periods 保持社交距离 social distancing 网络实名购票 real-name online ticketing 保护利用 conservation and use 文化遗产 cultural heritage “双百行动” double-hundred action 国企改革 reform of State-owned enterprises 契约化管理 contract-based management 国有资产管理 management of State assets 2035年远景目标 Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 经济高质量发展 high-quality economic development 社会主义现代化 socialist modernization 社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy
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