赵彦春英译白居易《长恨歌》
诗的中国,凄美而壮丽。最具有代表性的莫过于白居易的《长恨歌》了。这绵绵无绝期的长恨竟然涌流到了英语的天长地久。赵彦春的译是否能把你带回千年前的渔阳鼙鼓和血泪横流的马嵬坡?白居易手法细腻而雄浑,清晰而诡谲,岂是当今的穿越和蒙太奇所能比附?这一切用英语又该如何演绎?拘谨的五音步偶韵式能否承载这美的无限?不妨来一次跨语言的打探。
来源:语言与翻译
长 恨 歌
Lasting Grief
汉皇重色思倾国,
御宇多年求不得。
杨家有女初长成,
养在深闺人未识。
His Majesty’s sought many years in vain
A beauty of beauties in his domain.
The Yang’s have a girl just maturely grown,
Reared in her boudoir, to the world unknown.
天生丽质难自弃,
一朝选在君王侧。
回眸一笑百媚生,
六宫粉黛无颜色。
Her inborn beauty is not to lie waste;
One day she’s gained to the emperor’s taste.
Her backward glance gives off a smiling grace;
Which fades all ladies of the royal race.
春寒赐浴华清池,
温泉水滑洗凝脂。
侍儿扶起娇无力,
始是新承恩泽时。
She’s given a bath in Clean Pool, spring cold;
The spring smooths her skin, fairness manifold.
When she’s helped out, tender and delicate,
The Crown alights for her, His fairest mate.
云鬓花颜金步摇,
芙蓉帐暖度春宵。
春宵苦短日高起,
从此君王不早朝。
Her sable hair, rosy cheeks, supple gait;
Spring sees them in the scented bed till late.
The sun high, He hates a spring day’s too short;
Henceforth He never minds the morning court.
承欢侍宴无闲暇,
春从春游夜专夜。
后宫佳丽三千人,
三千宠爱在一身。
So she attends feasts with Him in high glee;
They go on hikes and spend nights on the spree.
In the harem, of three thousand belles rare,
Only she indulges in His love and care.
金屋妆成娇侍夜,
玉楼宴罢醉和春。
姊妹弟兄皆列土,
可怜光彩生门户。
Indoors, she dolls herself up for the night;
At feasts she makes Him drunk, a-beaming bright.
Her siblings all granted fiefs and ranks galore,
Resplendence tints her household, door to door.
遂令天下父母心,
不重生男重生女。
骊宫高处入青云,
仙乐风飘处处闻。
Her parents render all parents on earth
To see their daughters as properties of worth.
The palace at Mt. Black Steed scrapes the sky;
Music there rings everywhere, low or high.
缓歌慢舞凝丝竹,
尽日君王看不足。
渔阳鼙鼓动地来,
惊破霓裳羽衣曲。
She dances to the slow tune the band plays;
All day long the enchanted crown there stays.
Then from Yuyang war drums thump, thump along;
And cut short Plumage and Rainbow Dress Song.
九重城阙烟尘生,
千乘万骑西南行。
翠华摇摇行复止,
西出都门百余里。
Dust veils the citadels from the ground;
Myriads of steeds and carts flee, southwest bound.
The royals run out with halts, up and down
Till they stop dozens of miles west of the town.
六军不发无奈何,
宛转蛾眉马前死。
花钿委地无人收,
翠翘金雀玉搔头。
The six battalions lift up a war cry:
The culprit, His most favored, has to die.
Her ornaments so scattered, all there rolled,
Lo, her jade hairpin with a sparrow gold.
君王掩面救不得,
回看血泪相和流。
黄埃散漫风萧索,
云栈萦纡登剑阁。
The Crown hides His face at her falling thud,
A-feeling His tears running with her blood.
The yellow dust whirls and the cold wind soughs;
Their path to Pass of Swords winds with clouds.
峨嵋山下少人行,
旌旗无光日色薄。
蜀江水碧蜀山青,
圣主朝朝暮暮情。
Near Mt. Brow souls are few and far between;
In the murk of dusk, the flags lose their sheen.
Shu’s rivers are deep and her mountains blue,
But how can they compare with The Crown’s rue?
行宫见月伤心色,
夜雨闻铃肠断声。
天旋地转回龙驭,
到此踌躇不能去。
The moon o’er Castle Pro tem rends His heart;
The night rain hears the night toll, a blow smart.
The revolt crushed, to go back He’d speed gain;
He stops on Mawei Slope where she’s been slain.
马嵬坡下泥土中,
不见玉颜空死处。
君臣相顾尽沾衣,
东望都门信马归。
There’s no trace in dust of how she appears;
He and the peer can’t but burst into tears.
They look east to the capital again;
Urging their steeds, they give them a free rein.
归来池苑皆依旧,
太液芙蓉未央柳。
芙蓉如面柳如眉,
对此如何不泪垂。
The parks and pools are where they used to play;
By Elixir Pool the willows as e’er sway.
The spray like her brow, the lily her grace;
How can He hold back tears washing His face?
春风桃李花开日,
秋雨梧桐叶落时。
西宫南内多秋草,
落叶满阶红不扫。
Spring zephyrs blow plums and peaches to bloom;
Autumn rains urge plane trees to meet their doom.
The West Palace is rank with autumn grass;
The fallen leaves dry no one sweeps, alas.
梨园弟子白发新,
椒房阿监青娥老。
夕殿萤飞思悄然,
孤灯挑尽未成眠。
The boys, His drama mates, now grow gray hair,
The maids, once lithe at court, no longer fair.
The fireflies indoors set Him in thought deep;
His lamp dying out, He can’t fall asleep.
迟迟钟鼓初长夜,
耿耿星河欲曙天。
鸳鸯瓦冷霜华重,
翡翠衾寒谁与共。
Bells and drums slowly sound the night away;
The Milky Way shines to the break of day.
The frosted tiles are loving birds to pair;
The cold satin quilt, with whom could He share?
悠悠生死别经年,
魂魄不曾来入梦。
临邛道士鸿都客,
能以精诚致魂魄。
It’s a long time since they parted, it seems,
But her spirit has ne’er haunted His dreams.
The capital has a Taoist in good faith,
Who’s the power to control any wraith.
为感君王辗转思,
遂教方士殷勤觅。
排空驭气奔如电,
升天入地求之遍。
So moved by His Majesty’s burning love,
The monk seeks for her below and above.
He plows through the air with lightning speed;
And searches the underworld with all heed.
上穷碧落下黄泉,
两处茫茫皆不见。
忽闻海上有仙山,
山在虚无缥渺间。
He searches in Hades and the Realm of Bliss;
She’s nowhere, his efforts going amiss.
Lo, he spots a fairy hill in the sea,
Which looks ethereal, not seeming to be.
楼阁玲珑五云起,
其中绰约多仙子。
中有一人字太真,
雪肤花貌参差是。
Amid hued clouds exquisite castles loom,
Wherein dwell fairies like flowers in bloom.
Among them there is one, Great Truth by name;
As Belle Yang’s her skin and face are the same.
金阙西厢叩玉扃,
转教小玉报双成。
闻道汉家天子使,
九华帐里梦魂惊。
At his knock opens West Camber golden;
To tell his presence he bids a maiden.
The news this maid brings from the emperor
Startles her dream neath her flowery cover.
揽衣推枕起徘徊,
珠箔银屏迤逦开。
云鬓半偏新睡觉,
花冠不整下堂来。
Pushing her pillow, putting on her robe,
She gets up, swinging the ring on her lobe.
Her hair undone, half way she’s from her sleep;
Her crown awry, her eyes to the hall peep.
风吹仙袂飘飘举,
犹似霓裳羽衣舞。
玉容寂寞泪阑干,
梨花一枝春带雨。
She flutters her silk sleeves a breeze unfurls,
Like dancing in plumage, clinking with pearls.
Tears on her cheeks reveal her lonely gloom,
Like raindrops upon a pear sprig in bloom.
含情凝睇谢君王,
一别音容两渺茫。
昭阳殿里恩爱绝,
蓬莱宫中日月长。
Ogling thru her sadness she thanks The Crown:
Since we parted, I’ve met none but my frown.
As our clinging love has been torn apart,
The days at Mt. Immortal gnaws my heart.
回头下望人寰处,
不见长安见尘雾。
惟将旧物表深情,
钿合金钗寄将去。
Looking to the world, the worldling’s base,
I couldn’t see Chang’an but dust and haze.
Since I could but voice my heart thru things old,
I’d send you an inlay and hairpin gold.
钗留一股合一扇,
钗擘黄金合分钿。
但教心似金钿坚,
天上人间会相见。
Before doing that, I broke both in twain,
On half to myself, the other to my swain.
May our hearts like inlays and gold be strong,
In Heaven or earth, we’ll meet before long.
临别殷勤重寄词,
词中有誓两心知。
七月七日长生殿,
夜半无人私语时。
I told the angel while he turned to go:
The hearts beating at one rate should faith know.
On the seventh night of the seventh moon,
We’d in Immortal Hall murmur our boon.
在天愿作比翼鸟,
在地愿为连理枝。
天长地久有时尽,
此恨绵绵无绝期。
Above, we’d be two birds of the same mind;
On earth, we’d be two branches intertwined
Sky and earth will meet their end although vast;
Our sorrow lasts and will for ever last.
Lasting Grief
汉皇重色思倾国,
御宇多年求不得。
杨家有女初长成,
养在深闺人未识。
His Majesty’s sought many years in vain
A beauty of beauties in his domain.
The Yang’s have a girl just maturely grown,
Reared in her boudoir, to the world unknown.
天生丽质难自弃,
一朝选在君王侧。
回眸一笑百媚生,
六宫粉黛无颜色。
Her inborn beauty is not to lie waste;
One day she’s gained to the emperor’s taste.
Her backward glance gives off a smiling grace;
Which fades all ladies of the royal race.
春寒赐浴华清池,
温泉水滑洗凝脂。
侍儿扶起娇无力,
始是新承恩泽时。
She’s given a bath in Clean Pool, spring cold;
The spring smooths her skin, fairness manifold.
When she’s helped out, tender and delicate,
The Crown alights for her, His fairest mate.
云鬓花颜金步摇,
芙蓉帐暖度春宵。
春宵苦短日高起,
从此君王不早朝。
Her sable hair, rosy cheeks, supple gait;
Spring sees them in the scented bed till late.
The sun high, He hates a spring day’s too short;
Henceforth He never minds the morning court.
承欢侍宴无闲暇,
春从春游夜专夜。
后宫佳丽三千人,
三千宠爱在一身。
So she attends feasts with Him in high glee;
They go on hikes and spend nights on the spree.
In the harem, of three thousand belles rare,
Only she indulges in His love and care.
金屋妆成娇侍夜,
玉楼宴罢醉和春。
姊妹弟兄皆列土,
可怜光彩生门户。
Indoors, she dolls herself up for the night;
At feasts she makes Him drunk, a-beaming bright.
Her siblings all granted fiefs and ranks galore,
Resplendence tints her household, door to door.
遂令天下父母心,
不重生男重生女。
骊宫高处入青云,
仙乐风飘处处闻。
Her parents render all parents on earth
To see their daughters as properties of worth.
The palace at Mt. Black Steed scrapes the sky;
Music there rings everywhere, low or high.
缓歌慢舞凝丝竹,
尽日君王看不足。
渔阳鼙鼓动地来,
惊破霓裳羽衣曲。
She dances to the slow tune the band plays;
All day long the enchanted crown there stays.
Then from Yuyang war drums thump, thump along;
And cut short Plumage and Rainbow Dress Song.
九重城阙烟尘生,
千乘万骑西南行。
翠华摇摇行复止,
西出都门百余里。
Dust veils the citadels from the ground;
Myriads of steeds and carts flee, southwest bound.
The royals run out with halts, up and down
Till they stop dozens of miles west of the town.
六军不发无奈何,
宛转蛾眉马前死。
花钿委地无人收,
翠翘金雀玉搔头。
The six battalions lift up a war cry:
The culprit, His most favored, has to die.
Her ornaments so scattered, all there rolled,
Lo, her jade hairpin with a sparrow gold.
君王掩面救不得,
回看血泪相和流。
黄埃散漫风萧索,
云栈萦纡登剑阁。
The Crown hides His face at her falling thud,
A-feeling His tears running with her blood.
The yellow dust whirls and the cold wind soughs;
Their path to Pass of Swords winds with clouds.
峨嵋山下少人行,
旌旗无光日色薄。
蜀江水碧蜀山青,
圣主朝朝暮暮情。
Near Mt. Brow souls are few and far between;
In the murk of dusk, the flags lose their sheen.
Shu’s rivers are deep and her mountains blue,
But how can they compare with The Crown’s rue?
行宫见月伤心色,
夜雨闻铃肠断声。
天旋地转回龙驭,
到此踌躇不能去。
The moon o’er Castle Pro tem rends His heart;
The night rain hears the night toll, a blow smart.
The revolt crushed, to go back He’d speed gain;
He stops on Mawei Slope where she’s been slain.
马嵬坡下泥土中,
不见玉颜空死处。
君臣相顾尽沾衣,
东望都门信马归。
There’s no trace in dust of how she appears;
He and the peer can’t but burst into tears.
They look east to the capital again;
Urging their steeds, they give them a free rein.
归来池苑皆依旧,
太液芙蓉未央柳。
芙蓉如面柳如眉,
对此如何不泪垂。
The parks and pools are where they used to play;
By Elixir Pool the willows as e’er sway.
The spray like her brow, the lily her grace;
How can He hold back tears washing His face?
春风桃李花开日,
秋雨梧桐叶落时。
西宫南内多秋草,
落叶满阶红不扫。
Spring zephyrs blow plums and peaches to bloom;
Autumn rains urge plane trees to meet their doom.
The West Palace is rank with autumn grass;
The fallen leaves dry no one sweeps, alas.
梨园弟子白发新,
椒房阿监青娥老。
夕殿萤飞思悄然,
孤灯挑尽未成眠。
The boys, His drama mates, now grow gray hair,
The maids, once lithe at court, no longer fair.
The fireflies indoors set Him in thought deep;
His lamp dying out, He can’t fall asleep.
迟迟钟鼓初长夜,
耿耿星河欲曙天。
鸳鸯瓦冷霜华重,
翡翠衾寒谁与共。
Bells and drums slowly sound the night away;
The Milky Way shines to the break of day.
The frosted tiles are loving birds to pair;
The cold satin quilt, with whom could He share?
悠悠生死别经年,
魂魄不曾来入梦。
临邛道士鸿都客,
能以精诚致魂魄。
It’s a long time since they parted, it seems,
But her spirit has ne’er haunted His dreams.
The capital has a Taoist in good faith,
Who’s the power to control any wraith.
为感君王辗转思,
遂教方士殷勤觅。
排空驭气奔如电,
升天入地求之遍。
So moved by His Majesty’s burning love,
The monk seeks for her below and above.
He plows through the air with lightning speed;
And searches the underworld with all heed.
上穷碧落下黄泉,
两处茫茫皆不见。
忽闻海上有仙山,
山在虚无缥渺间。
He searches in Hades and the Realm of Bliss;
She’s nowhere, his efforts going amiss.
Lo, he spots a fairy hill in the sea,
Which looks ethereal, not seeming to be.
楼阁玲珑五云起,
其中绰约多仙子。
中有一人字太真,
雪肤花貌参差是。
Amid hued clouds exquisite castles loom,
Wherein dwell fairies like flowers in bloom.
Among them there is one, Great Truth by name;
As Belle Yang’s her skin and face are the same.
金阙西厢叩玉扃,
转教小玉报双成。
闻道汉家天子使,
九华帐里梦魂惊。
At his knock opens West Camber golden;
To tell his presence he bids a maiden.
The news this maid brings from the emperor
Startles her dream neath her flowery cover.
揽衣推枕起徘徊,
珠箔银屏迤逦开。
云鬓半偏新睡觉,
花冠不整下堂来。
Pushing her pillow, putting on her robe,
She gets up, swinging the ring on her lobe.
Her hair undone, half way she’s from her sleep;
Her crown awry, her eyes to the hall peep.
风吹仙袂飘飘举,
犹似霓裳羽衣舞。
玉容寂寞泪阑干,
梨花一枝春带雨。
She flutters her silk sleeves a breeze unfurls,
Like dancing in plumage, clinking with pearls.
Tears on her cheeks reveal her lonely gloom,
Like raindrops upon a pear sprig in bloom.
含情凝睇谢君王,
一别音容两渺茫。
昭阳殿里恩爱绝,
蓬莱宫中日月长。
Ogling thru her sadness she thanks The Crown:
Since we parted, I’ve met none but my frown.
As our clinging love has been torn apart,
The days at Mt. Immortal gnaws my heart.
回头下望人寰处,
不见长安见尘雾。
惟将旧物表深情,
钿合金钗寄将去。
Looking to the world, the worldling’s base,
I couldn’t see Chang’an but dust and haze.
Since I could but voice my heart thru things old,
I’d send you an inlay and hairpin gold.
钗留一股合一扇,
钗擘黄金合分钿。
但教心似金钿坚,
天上人间会相见。
Before doing that, I broke both in twain,
On half to myself, the other to my swain.
May our hearts like inlays and gold be strong,
In Heaven or earth, we’ll meet before long.
临别殷勤重寄词,
词中有誓两心知。
七月七日长生殿,
夜半无人私语时。
I told the angel while he turned to go:
The hearts beating at one rate should faith know.
On the seventh night of the seventh moon,
We’d in Immortal Hall murmur our boon.
在天愿作比翼鸟,
在地愿为连理枝。
天长地久有时尽,
此恨绵绵无绝期。
Above, we’d be two birds of the same mind;
On earth, we’d be two branches intertwined
Sky and earth will meet their end although vast;
Our sorrow lasts and will for ever last.
来源:语言与翻译
(编辑:T-win)