李商隐《锦瑟》
李商隐,晚唐著名诗人。他擅长诗歌写作,和杜牧合称“小李杜”,与温庭筠合称为“温李”。其诗构思新奇,尤其是一些爱情诗和无题诗写得缠绵悱恻,优美动人,广为传诵。今天给大家带来的是李商隐的代表作之一《锦瑟》及许渊冲先生的译文。
锦瑟(唐`李商隐)
锦瑟无端五十弦,一弦一柱思华年。
庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶,望帝春心托杜鹃。
沧海月明珠有泪,蓝田日暖玉生烟。
此情可待成追忆,只是当时已惘然。
The Sad Zither
Why should the zither sad have fifty strings?
Each string, each strain evokes but vanished springs.
Dim morning dream to be a butterfly;
Amorous heart poured out in cuckoo’s cry.
In moonlit pearls see tears in mermaid’s eyes;
From sunburnt emerald watch vapor rise!
Such feeling cannot be recalled again;
It seemed long lost even when it was felt then.
李商隐的这首诗词藻华美,意境丰富。但是在诠释这首诗时,古往今来的学者们都花费了很大一番功夫。锦瑟无端五十弦,一弦一柱思华年。
庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶,望帝春心托杜鹃。
沧海月明珠有泪,蓝田日暖玉生烟。
此情可待成追忆,只是当时已惘然。
The Sad Zither
Why should the zither sad have fifty strings?
Each string, each strain evokes but vanished springs.
Dim morning dream to be a butterfly;
Amorous heart poured out in cuckoo’s cry.
In moonlit pearls see tears in mermaid’s eyes;
From sunburnt emerald watch vapor rise!
Such feeling cannot be recalled again;
It seemed long lost even when it was felt then.
This poem by Li Shangyin is beautiful in terms of the language and the richness of the images it contains. But scholars throughout history have had a hard time trying to interpret it.
在这首诗的开头,李商隐似乎在表达痛失爱妻的悲伤。但是悲伤转瞬间化解,他突然意识到,世间万物皆为虚幻。在二、三句中,李商隐借用了四个中国古代故事和神话,其中最著名的是道家庄子的故事。庄子梦见自己变成了一只蝴蝶,但是他却分不清梦境与现实。他究竟是在脑海中幻想出了一只蝴蝶还是他的存在只是蝴蝶脑海中的一幅画面?
At the beginning of the poem, Li seems to be expressing his sorrow at his wife’s death. But his sorrow is soon replaced by the realization that everything in life seems to be fake. In this part, Li employs four ancient Chinese stories and myths, with the most famous one being the tale of Zhuangzi, a Taoist philosopher. He dreams that he’s a butterfly, but he has problems distinguishing dreams from reality. Does he picture the butterfly in his head, or is his entire existence as a human being simply an image in the head of the butterfly?
在诗歌结尾,也是这首诗最著名的一句,李商隐追忆了自己的青春年华,感伤于即便时光倒流自己也无法改变现实的无力。
The ending note of the poem–which is its most famous part–shows Li’s regrets toward the passing years and helplessness of being unable to change anything, even if he were given the chance to live those years again.
中国作家王蒙曾经在一篇文章中写道,《锦瑟》像是一个熔炉,李商隐试图将自己苦难一生中经历的所有悲痛抱憾都倾入其中,这一点并不难理解。
Chinese writer Wang Meng once wrote in an article that 《The Sad Zither》 is like a melting pot in which Li tries to pour all the regrets that he’s ever felt, which is not hard to understand considering what a hard life he had.
也许,在李商隐写下这首诗的时候,他丝毫没有期望能有人完全理解。
Perhaps Li didn’t write the poem to be understood after all.
来源:21英语网
(编辑:织言)