这10个地道的小短语，竟都是大文豪莎士比亚带火的！（一）
先来看莎士比亚的原文，出处为《奥赛罗》第三幕，第三场：
Oh, beware, my lord, of jealousy!
“哦，我的主人，请当心嫉妒！
It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock
The meat it feeds on.
它是绿眼睛的怪物只会愚弄
自己的盘中肉
“哦，我的主人，请当心嫉妒！
It is the green-eyed monster which doth mock
The meat it feeds on.
它是绿眼睛的怪物只会愚弄
自己的盘中肉
Iago says this phrase as he plants doubts in Othello's mind about his wife's faithfulness.
伊阿古让奥赛罗对妻子的忠心起了疑心后，说了这个短语。
Merriam-Webster writes that he may have been evoking cats, given that they are "green-eyed creatures who toy with their prey before killing it."
韦氏大词典中写道，伊阿古这么说可能会让人想到猫，因为它们是“绿眼睛的怪物，杀死猎物之前会先玩弄一番”。
▌现代用法
Now "the green-eyed monster" is an idiomatic expression for the noun "jealousy."
现在“绿眼睛的怪物”是“嫉妒”的习惯表达。
2. Break the ice打破坚冰
在《驯悍记》第一幕，第二场中，有这样一句话：
... And if you break the ice and do this feat,
“您要是破了坚冰，
Achieve the elder, set the younger free.
娶了他的大女儿，解放了小女儿，
For our access, whose hap shall be to have her.
Will not so graceless be to be ingrate.
给我们开辟出一条路来，无论这幸运落在哪一个人身上，
对您老兄总不会不知感激的。
（朱生豪译）
Tranio suggests if Petruchio can "break the ice," then he will be able to woo Katherina. By using the "ice" language, Shakespeare makes Katherina seem as cold as ice. Moreover, the fact that the ice needs to be broken suggests that she is hard to reach.“您要是破了坚冰，
Achieve the elder, set the younger free.
娶了他的大女儿，解放了小女儿，
For our access, whose hap shall be to have her.
Will not so graceless be to be ingrate.
给我们开辟出一条路来，无论这幸运落在哪一个人身上，
对您老兄总不会不知感激的。
（朱生豪译）
特兰尼奥想让批特鲁乔替他“破了坚冰”，然后他就能够向凯萨琳娜求爱。通过这个词组，莎士比亚暗示凯萨琳娜像坚冰一样寒冷，而坚冰之所以需要被破，也说明凯萨琳娜的不近人情。
But the first actual usage of "break the ice" probably comes from Sir Thomas North's 1579 translation of Plutarch's Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romans — although in this case the phrase meant "to forge a path for others to follow," alluding to the breaking of ice to allow the navigation of boats.
不过，“破除坚冰”第一次出现，是在托马斯?诺斯爵士1579 年翻译的普鲁塔克《希腊罗马名人传》，不过在这里，这个词组意味着“为其他人开辟一条道路”，意指通过破冰来让船通过。
▌现代用法
"Break the ice" still means to get to know someone.
意思仍然是“开始认识某人”。
3. Wear my heart upon my sleeve直抒胸臆
这句话出自《奥赛罗》，第一幕，第一场：
For when my outward action doth demonstrate
The native act and figure of my heart.
要是我的表面的行动，
果然出于内心的自然流露，
In compliment extern, 'tis not long after
But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve.
那么不久我就要掏出我的心来，
For daws to peck at: I am not what I am.
让乌鸦们乱啄了。世人所知道的我，并不是实在的我。
（朱生豪译）
The native act and figure of my heart.
要是我的表面的行动，
果然出于内心的自然流露，
In compliment extern, 'tis not long after
But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve.
那么不久我就要掏出我的心来，
For daws to peck at: I am not what I am.
让乌鸦们乱啄了。世人所知道的我，并不是实在的我。
（朱生豪译）
Devious Iago basically says that if his outward appearance reflected what he was thinking, then his heart would be on his sleeve for birds to peck at — which is not a good idea in his eyes. And so he adds that he is actually not what he appears to be.
邪恶的伊阿古要说的是，如果他的外表反映了他的思想，那他的心就像被掏出来放到袖子上，让乌鸦们乱啄了。在他看来，这不是一个好主意。所以他又说，他的外表并不能反应真实的他。
Notably, Iago's motives for his antagonistic behavior are never fully revealed — so it is interesting that he is the character who has immortalized this phrase.
伊阿古这一行为背后的动机从来没有被揭晓，有趣的是，也是他让这个短语流传千古。
▌现代用法
To show one's feelings openly.
公开表达某人的感受。
4. All of a sudden 突然之间
先看原文：
I pray, sir, tell me, is it possible
That love should of a sodaine take such hold?
少爷，请您告诉我，
难道爱情会这么快就把一个人征服了吗？
（朱生豪译）
I pray, sir, tell me, is it possible
That love should of a sodaine take such hold?
少爷，请您告诉我，
难道爱情会这么快就把一个人征服了吗？
（朱生豪译）
How Shakespeare uses it: Apparently, Shakespeare might have thought that "all of a sudden" was a more poetic way of saying "suddenly" so he had the character Tranio in The Taming of the Shrew say it that way.
显然，莎士比亚认为all of a sudden比用suddenly一词更诗意。所以，他让特兰尼奥在《驯悍记》中这么说。
Although, Shakespeare wasn't the first to use "sudden" — John Greenwood used it in 1590.
不过，莎士比亚不是第一个用sudden这个词的，约翰`格林伍德在1590年第一次使用这个词。
▌现代用法
The meaning is the same, although we now spell it "sudden" rather than "sodaine." The word is spelled in the modern way in newer printings of "The Taming of the Shrew."
这个词在现代的意义没有变化，只不过现在我们将其拼成sudden，而不是sodaine。在现代新版本的《驯悍记》中，这个词都被改成了现代的拼写方法。
5. A heart of gold金子般的心
原文出自《亨利五世》：
The king's a bawcock, and a heart of gold,
国王是个好样的，有金子一般的心，
A lad of life, an imp of fame;
是位活泼的小伙子，一位高贵祖先的后人，
Of parents good, of fist most valiant. ...
父母都没错，他的拳头也厉害。
（刘炳善译）
国王是个好样的，有金子一般的心，
A lad of life, an imp of fame;
是位活泼的小伙子，一位高贵祖先的后人，
Of parents good, of fist most valiant. ...
父母都没错，他的拳头也厉害。
（刘炳善译）
莎士比亚用法：
King Henry disguises himself as a commoner in the play and asks Pistol, who is unaware of the disguise, whether he considers himself to be better than the king. Pistol responds with the above quote.
亨利国王将他自己伪装成平民，问毕斯托尔是不是自以为比国王更优秀。毕斯托尔没有认出亨利国王，以引文作答。
▌现代用法
To be extremely kind and helpful.
十分友善，乐于助人。
来源：英语点津 中国日报双语新闻
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