联考常用翻译方法与技巧合译法
合译法：指将两个或两个以上的简单句或一个复合句译成一个句子
1. He is very clean. His mind is open.
2. His father had a small business in the city of Pisa which is in the north of Italy near the sea.
3. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to
stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody
else.
另外， 顺译法和逆译法也是常见的翻译方法：
顺译法：即顺着英文原有的顺序翻译，条件是英语句子的内容与叙述方式同汉语习惯基本一致。
But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.
逆译法：即不再遵照英文原有的顺序，甚至完全逆着原有顺序翻译，如果英文的表达次序和汉语的表达习惯不同甚至相反的话。
It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.
关于被动语态的翻译
英语中被动语态使用的极为普遍，翻译成汉语时一般采用以下两种翻译方法：
1. 同样译为被动语态，但要添加适当地表示被动的词。如：被、叫、使、让、给、受、遭、靠、加以、得到等。如：
They were given a warm welcome at the airport.
The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire.
2. 将被动语态译为主动语态，而且符合汉语的表达习惯
Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, only a few questions of secondary importance remain to be discussed.
Nowadays people usually prefer driving to being driven.
She likes being looked at.
3. 由it 引导的几个经典被动句式，翻译时根据上下文可以添加一些不确定的主语。如：有人、人们、大家、我们、以及据… 等。
Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics.
同例：
It is asserted that … 有人主张……
It will be said that … 有人会说……
It was told that … 有人曾说……
It is generally considered that … 人们普遍认为……
It is hoped that … 人们希望……
同位语从句不同于定语从句，主要是起解释、说明的作用，故翻译的方法一般有两种：一是先译同位语，再译同位语的同位词；二是在句中或句尾时用破折号或冒号, 或者用“也就是说”。
It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the SARS.
They jumped to the conclusion that the Red Army would launch an attack from the west battlefront.
There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historians inquiry.
1. He is very clean. His mind is open.
2. His father had a small business in the city of Pisa which is in the north of Italy near the sea.
3. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to
stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody
else.
另外， 顺译法和逆译法也是常见的翻译方法：
顺译法：即顺着英文原有的顺序翻译，条件是英语句子的内容与叙述方式同汉语习惯基本一致。
But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.
逆译法：即不再遵照英文原有的顺序，甚至完全逆着原有顺序翻译，如果英文的表达次序和汉语的表达习惯不同甚至相反的话。
It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.
关于被动语态的翻译
英语中被动语态使用的极为普遍，翻译成汉语时一般采用以下两种翻译方法：
1. 同样译为被动语态，但要添加适当地表示被动的词。如：被、叫、使、让、给、受、遭、靠、加以、得到等。如：
They were given a warm welcome at the airport.
The famous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire.
2. 将被动语态译为主动语态，而且符合汉语的表达习惯
Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, only a few questions of secondary importance remain to be discussed.
Nowadays people usually prefer driving to being driven.
She likes being looked at.
3. 由it 引导的几个经典被动句式，翻译时根据上下文可以添加一些不确定的主语。如：有人、人们、大家、我们、以及据… 等。
Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics.
同例：
It is asserted that … 有人主张……
It will be said that … 有人会说……
It was told that … 有人曾说……
It is generally considered that … 人们普遍认为……
It is hoped that … 人们希望……
同位语从句不同于定语从句，主要是起解释、说明的作用，故翻译的方法一般有两种：一是先译同位语，再译同位语的同位词；二是在句中或句尾时用破折号或冒号, 或者用“也就是说”。
It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the SARS.
They jumped to the conclusion that the Red Army would launch an attack from the west battlefront.
There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historians inquiry.
（编辑:卢晓雪）
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