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4.1.1
蒙巴萨矿权区地质勘探工作成果
4.1.1 Geological Exploration Results of Mombasa Mining Area
通过以上工作，初步查明了蒙巴萨矿权区成矿地质条件和矿产资源分布特征（图4-1），遥感解译圈定了多处异常，认为蒙巴萨矿权区是与基性岩有关的铁矿、与沉积岩有关的砂岩铜矿、与剪切蚀变作用有关的金矿、与岩浆-热液作用有关的有色矿产的有利成矿靶区。
Through the above-mentioned steps, the basic features of Mombasa geological conditions and resources distribution are found out (see to Figure 4-1). Remote Sensing (RS) interpretation illustrates many anomalies and shows that Mombasa mining area is an advantageous metallogenic target. The area contains manifold minerals, which include iron in basic rock, sandstone copper in sedimentary rock, gold formed by shearing alteration, and non-ferrous metals formed by magmatic hydrothermalism.
蒙巴萨矿权区遥感解译图
RS Interpretation of Mombasa Mining Area
蒙巴萨矿权区地质特征为：位于古老克拉通陆内裂谷环境内，大面积出露基底岩石，上覆白垩纪碳酸盐，地层受北西向构造控制，与构造线方向一致，后期北东向构造以切割、错位对地层和北西向构造进行破坏，岩浆活动受深大断裂控制。基底地层为蒙巴萨矿权区铜等有色金属矿床主要赋矿层位。岩浆活动与铜金、铁等有色、黑色及贵金属关系密切。
The geological features of Mombasa Mining Area are summarized as follows:
The area is located in the ancient intracratonic rift-style basin. Within this area, large basement rock stay open in the air, covered with carbonate formed in Cretaceous Period. The stratum is controlled by the north-west structure and therefore is formed in the direction of the tectonic line. In the posterior stage, the stratum is altered and damaged by north-east structure through shearing and malposition, and magmatic actions are then controlled by the discordogenic faults. The basement rock is the major host stratohorizon of copper and other non-ferrous metals. Ferrous metals (iron), non-ferrous metals (copper, gold) and some precious metals are closely related to magmatic actions.
地层：区内主要出露古老基底太古界— 元古界变质岩系和中生代—新生代盖层。地层由老到新分别为古老基底和盖层。
Stratum:
The stratum structure, from ancient to new is palaeobasement and covering strata. The former is metamorphic rock formed in the Archaeozoic-Proterozoic era and the latter is covering strata formed in Mesozoic-Neozoic era.
太古界上岩性段（Ag12）：二长片麻岩、花岗片麻岩、片岩、角闪石岩及磁铁石英岩构成。上岩性段主要发育有磁铁石英岩、绿帘石岩、角闪石岩、片麻岩和片岩等。由此反映出该套岩性磁铁石英岩发育普遍，其常形成与硅铁建造有关的铁矿床，是安哥拉铁矿赋存的主要层位。
Archaeozoic Upper Lithologic(Ag12) Characters：
Constructed by plagioclase K-feldspar gneiss, granite gneiss, gneiss, hornblendite, magnetic quartzite, the upper lithology mainly contains magnetic quartzite, epidote, hornblendite, gneiss, schist, and so on. From the construction it can be demonstrated that this lithology contains prosperous magnetic quartzite, which often form iron-ore deposit related to ferro-silicon structure, Angola's iron-ore deposits are mainly found in this stratum.
元古界下岩性段（Pt11）：片麻岩，夹变质安山玄武岩。
Archaeozoic Lower Lithologic(Pt11) Characters:
Gneiss, with Metamorphic Andesite-basalt
元古界上岩性段（Pt12）：岩性主要为碎屑岩及碳酸盐岩组成，该套地层为安哥拉铜等有色金属矿床、沉积型铁、锰矿床等主要赋矿层位。该套岩石于区内表现为常发生不同程度的混合岩化，形成混合花岗岩。
Archaeozoic Upper Lithologic（Pt12） Characters：
Mainly constructed by clasolite and carbonatite, this stratum are the major host stratohorizon of
many non-ferrous metals (such as Angola copper), sedimentary iron ore and manganese ore. Rocks within this stratum often go through migmatitization and form granitization granite.
盖层地层主要分布有白垩系（K）—晚第三系(N)—第四系（Q），主要分布于矿权区南西部广大地区和中部一些零星中生代盆地中，其中白垩纪和第三纪为碳酸盐岩地层和碎屑岩地层，碳酸盐岩地层是安哥拉水泥灰岩的主要产出层位。
The covering strata include cretaceous(K), neogene(N) and quaternary(Q) elements, mainly found
in south-east areas, also with scattered presence in mesozoic basins. Cretaceous and neogene rocks are carbonatite and clasolite. Angola's most cement rocks is produced in the former stratum.
构造：区内构造格架由一系列的北西向断裂构造、北东向断裂构造和一些规模相对较小的近东西向断裂构造组成，同时受构造运动的作用，于太古界和元古界内常形成规模较大的宽缓褶皱构造。北东向断裂构造发育相对较晚，对地层的发育影响较不明显。
Structure:
With in this stratum, the overall structure contains a series of north-west faults, north-east faults small approximately east-west faults, and also some large gentle folds formed by tectonic movement in the Archaeozoic-Proterozoic era. North-east faults are formulated much later, therefore have less significant influences on the structure.
岩浆岩：主要发育在多组断裂的交汇处或深大断裂旁侧，主要以基性—超基性岩体为主、少量中酸性岩体、岩脉，这些岩体、岩脉与铜金、铁等有色黑色及贵金属关系密切。
Magmatite:
Often found in the cross of many faults or beside the discordogenic faults, magmatite mainly contains Basic-Ultrabasic rock mass with some intermediate-acid rocks and dikes, which are closely related to ferro-metals (iron) and noble metals (copper-gold).
矿产：矿权区的矿产主要有铁、铜，铁矿与太古界和元古界组成的古老地块西侧裂谷带中的基性—超基性岩有关（蒙巴萨铁矿）；铜矿与沉积作用有关的砂岩铜矿（埃托比铜矿）；其它矿产是与岩浆作用有关的有色及贵金属。
Minerals:
Minerals in this area include iron and copper. The iron ore is located in the basic-ultrabasic rock mass (Mombasa Iron Ore) in rift belt (on the west of the ancient block mass formed in Archaeozoic-Proterozoic era). And the copper ore is located in the sandstone copper core (Aetolia Copper Ore). Other minerals are non-ferro metals and noble metals formed by magnetic actions.
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