《红楼梦》翻译（三十七）

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twin05 2010-08-16 09:44 | 只看楼主 树型| 收藏| 小中大 1 ^#

《红楼梦》翻译（三十七）

原著
　　宝玉见说，方才与湘云私谈，他也听见了．细想自己原为他二人，怕生隙恼，方在中调和，不想并未调和成功，反已落了两处的贬谤．正合着前日所看《南华经》上，有"巧者劳而智者忧，无能者无所求，饱食而遨游，づ若不系之舟"，又曰"山木自寇，源泉自盗"等语．因此越想越无趣．再细想来，目下不过这两个人，尚未应酬妥协，将来犹欲为何？想到其间也无庸分辩回答自己转身回房来．林黛玉见他去了，便知回思无趣，赌气去了，一言也不曾发，不禁自己越发添了气，便说道：“这一去，一辈子也别来，也别说话。”

　　宝玉不理，回房躺在床上，只是瞪瞪的．袭人深知原委，不敢就说，只得以他事来解释，因说道：“今儿看了戏，又勾出几天戏来．宝姑娘一定要还席的。”宝玉冷笑道：“他还不还，管谁什么相干。”袭人见这话不是往日的口吻，因又笑道：“这是怎么说？好好的大正月里，娘儿们姊妹们都喜喜欢欢的，你又怎么这个形景了？"宝玉冷笑道：“他们娘儿们姊妹们欢喜不欢喜，也与我无干。”袭人笑道：“他们既随和，你也随和，岂不大家彼此有趣． "宝玉道：“什么是`大家彼此'！他们有`大家彼此'，我是`赤条条来去无牵挂'。”谈及此句，不觉泪下．袭人见此光景，不肯再说．宝玉细想这句趣味，不禁大哭起来，翻身起来至案，遂提笔立占一偈云：

　　你证我证，心证意证．

　　是无有证，斯可云证．

　　无可云证，是立足境．写毕，自虽解悟，又恐人看此不解，因此亦填一支《寄生草》，也写在偈后．自己又念一遍，自觉无挂碍，中心自得，便**睡了．

霍克斯译文
When Bao-yu heard her say this, he knew she must have overheard every word of his conversation with Xiang-yun. He reflected that he had only acted in the first place from a desire to keep the peace between them: yet the only outcome of his good intentions had been a telling-off by either party. It put him in mind of something he had read a day or two previously in Zhuang-zi:

The cunning waste their pains;

The wise men vex their brains;

But the **ton, who seeks no gains,

With belly full, he wanders free

As drifting boat upon the sea.

and of another passage from the same book about timber trees inviting the axe and sweet springs being the cause of their own contamination. The more he thought about it, the more dejected he became.
‘If I can’t even get on with the few people I live with now,’ he asked himself, ‘how am I going to manage later on...?’
At that point in his reflections it seemed to him that there was no further point in arguing, and he turned to go back to his room.
Dai-yu realized that he must have thought of something upsetting to go off like this. But not to be answered was al together too provoking. She felt the anger mounting inside her.
‘All right, go!’ she shouted after him. ‘And don’t ever come back! And don’t ever speak to me again!’
Bao-yu ignored her. He went straight back to his own room, threw himself on the bed, and lay staring at the ceiling. Aroma knew what the trouble was but dared not, for the time being at any rate, refer to it. She tried distracting him with talk of other matters.
‘I suppose there’ll be more plays after today, won’t there? Miss Bao is sure to give a return party, isn’t she?’
‘Whether she does or not,’ said Bao-yu, ‘what concern is it of mine?’
This was certainly not the sort of answer Aroma was used to getting. She tried again, smiling breezily:
‘That’s no way of looking at it! This is the New Year holi days, when their ladyships and the young ladies are all en joying themselves. We can’t have you mooning around like this!’
‘Whether their ladyships and the young ladies are enjoying themselves or not,’ said Bao-yu, ‘what concern is it of mine?’
Aroma laughed.
‘Seeing that they’re all doing their best to be agreeable, couldn’t you try to do likewise? Surely it’s much better ail round if everyone will give and take a bit?’
‘What do you mean, “give and take a bit”?’ said Bao-yu in the same lack-lustre voice as before. ‘They can give and take a bit if they like. My destiny is a different one:
naked and friendless through the world to roam.’
A tear stole down his cheek as he recalled the line from the aria.
He continued to ponder its words and to savour their mean ing, and ended up by bursting into tears and crying outright. Jumping up from the bed, he went over to his desk, took up a writing-brush, and wrote down the following lines in imitation of a Buddhist gāthā:

I swear, you swear,

With heart and mind declare;

But our protest

Is no true test.

It would be best

Words unexpressed

To understand,

And on that ground

To take our stand.
After writing it, he was still not satisfied. Though now enlightened himself, he feared that someone reading his gāthā
might not be able to share his enlightenment. Accordingly, with the words of the ‘Clinging Vine’ aria still running in his head, he added another set of verses after it to explain his point. That done, he read the whole through to himself out loud, then, with a wonderful feeling of liberation, went to bed and fell fast asleep.
杨宪益译文
Baoyu realized that she had overheard his conversation with Xiangyun. He had intervened in an attempt to prevent bad feeling between them but, having failed, was now held to blame by both sides. This reminded him of the passage in Zhuangzi:

“The ingenious work hard, the wise are full of care; but those without ability have no ambition. They enjoy their food and wander at will like drifting boats freed from their moorings.”

And again:

“Mountain trees are the first to be felled, clear fountains the first to be consumed.”

The more he thought the more depressed he grew.

“If I can’t even cope now with just these two, what will it be like in future?” he reflected. At this point it seemed quite useless to attempt to justify himself, so he started back to his room.

Daiyu realized that he must be very dejected by what had occurred to go off so sulkily without a word. But this only made her angrier than ever.

“Go, then!” she cried. “And don’t ever come back! Don’t speak to me again!”

Baoyu paid no attention. Returning to his room, he lay down on his bed staring fixedly before him. Although Xiren knew what had happened, she dared not mention it and tried to distract him with some more cheer ful subject.

“Today’s plays are bound to lead to others,” she prophesied. “Miss Baochai is sure to give a return party.”

“What do I care whether she does or not?” he snapped back, quite unlike his usual self.

“What do you mean?” asked Xiren. “This is the beginning of a new year when all the ladies and girls are enjoying themselves. Why carry on like this?”

“I don’t care whether they’re enjoying themselves or not.”

“If they are so obliging to each other, shouldn’t you be obliging too? Wouldn’t that be pleasanter for everyone?”

“For everyone? Let them oblige each other while ‘naked I go with out impediment.”’

Tears ran down his cheeks and, seeing them, she said no more. Baoyu, pondering the significance of that line, suddenly burst out sob bing. Getting up, he went to his desk, took up a brush and wrote this verse in the style of a Buddhist gatha:

Should you test me and I test you,
Should heart and mind be tested too,
Till there remained no more to test,
That test would be of all the best.
When nothing can be called a test,
My feet will find a place to rest.

For fear that others might not grasp the meaning, he then appended a verse after the melody Ji Sheng Cao and read the whole through again. Then he went to bed, feeling less frustrated, and slept.

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