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近10届奥运会背景介绍

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可可西里

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可可西里 2008-07-15 09:53 | 只看楼主 树型| 收藏| 小 中 大 1 #

近10届奥运会背景介绍

第19届奥运会背景介绍

 
第19届奥运会背景介绍
第19届奥运会会徽

 

 


第19届奥运会火炬

 

 


第19届奥运会海报

 

　　MEXICO 1968

　　Opening date/p>

　　12 October 1968

　　Closing date/p>

　　27 October 1968

　　Country of the host city/p>

　　Mexico (MEX)

　　Candidate cities/p>

　　Detroit (USA), Lyon (FRA) and Buenos Aires (ARG)

　　Sports:

　　20

　　The choice of Mexico City to host the 1968 Olympics was a controversial one because of the city's high altitude, 2,300m, which meant that the air contained 30% less oxygen than at sea level. Sure enough, the rarefied air proved disastrous to many athletes competing in endurance events. On the other hand, the high altitude led to world records in all of the men’s races that were 400m or shorter, including both relays, and in the 400m hurdles, in the long jump and triple jump as well. Bob Beamon’s spectacular long jump of 8.90m would last as a world record for 22 years. The Mexico City Olympics, the first Summer Games to include sex testing for women, were blessed with many outstanding heroines. Mexican hurdler Enriqueta Basilio became the first woman to light the cauldron at the Opening Ceremony. Eulalia Rolinska of Poland, Gladys de Seminario of Peru and Nuria Ortiz of Mexico were the first women to compete in shooting. Wyomia Tyus of the United States became the first repeat winner of the 100m dash. The most popular female athlete of the 1968 Games was Vera Caslavska, the Czech gymnast. After the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia two months before the Olympics, Caslavska went into hiding for three weeks. She emerged to win four gold medals and two silvers. On the male side, Al Oerter of the United States won the discus throw for the fourth time. The 1968 Games also saw the first drug disqualification, as a Swedish entrant in the modern pentathlon, Hans-Gunnar Liljenwall, tested positive…for excessive alcohol.

　　112 NOCs (Nations)

　　5,516 athletes (781 women, 4,735 men)

　　172 events

 

第19届奥运会背景介绍

　　1963年，国际奥委会于联邦德国巴登巴登召开的第六十届会议上，从布宜诺斯艾利斯(阿根廷)、底特律(美国)、里昂(法国) 、墨西哥城(墨西哥)4个申请主办奥运会的城市中，选了墨西哥城为第十九届奥运会会址。会议讨论中，人们对生活在平原地区的运动员能否适 应这个高原城市的气候，表示了严重关注。

　　中国台湾派出了43名运动员(其中女子8人)，参加了田径(11人)、拳击(3人)、体操 (4人)、自行车(5人)、射击(8人)、游泳(4 人)、帆船(3人)、举重(5人)8个大项的比赛。
 

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Re: 近10届奥运会背景介绍

第20届奥运会背景介绍

第20届奥运会背景介绍
第20届奥运会会徽

 

 


第20届奥运会吉祥物

 

 


第20届奥运会火炬

 

　　MUNICH 1972

　　Opening date/p>

　　26 August 1972

　　Closing date/p>

　　11 September 1972

　　Country of the host city/p>

　　Federal Republic of Germany (1950-1990, "GER" since) (FRG)

　　Candidate cities/p>

　　Detroit (USA), Madrid (ESP) and Montreal (CAN)

　　Sports:

　　23

　　The 1972 Munich Games were the largest yet, setting records in all categories, with 195 events and 7,173 athletes from 121 nations. They were supposed to celebrate peace and, for the first ten days, all did indeed go well. But in the early morning of 5 September, eight Palestinian terrorists broke into the Olympic Village, killed two members of the Israeli team and took nine more hostage. In an ensuing battle, all nine Israeli hostages were killed, as were five of the terrorists and one policeman. The Olympics were suspended and a memorial service was held in the main stadium. In defiance of the terrorists, the International Olympic Committee ordered the competitions to resume after a pause of 34 hours. All other details about the Munich Games paled in significance, but it did have its highlights. Archery was reintroduced to the Olympic programme after a 52-year absence and handball after a 36-year absence. Whitewater (or slalom) canoeing was included for the first time. The 1972 Games were also the first to have a named mascot: Waldi the dachshund. U.S. swimmer Mark Spitz won an incredible seven gold medals to go with the two he had earned in 1968. Lasse Viren of Finland fell midway through the 10,000m final, but rose and set a world record to win the first of his four career gold medals. Freestyle wrestler Ivan Yarygin of Russia pinned all seven of his opponents en route to his first Olympic championship in the heavyweight division. West German, Liselott Linsenhoff, competing in the dressage event, became the first female equestrian to win a gold medal in an individual event. The media star of the Munich Games was the tiny Soviet gymnast, Olga Korbut, whose dramatic cycle of success in the team competition, failure in the individual competition and renewed success in the apparatus finals captured the attention of fans worldwide.

　　121 NOCs (Nations)

　　7,134 athletes (1,059 women, 6,075 men)

　　195 events

 

 

第20届奥运会背景介绍

　　1966年4月26日，国际奥委会在罗马召开的第64届会议上，对第20届奥运会会址进行了投票表决。申请主办的有加拿大的蒙特利尔、联邦德国的慕尼黑、西班牙的马德里和美国的底特律。在第一轮投票中，后两个城市被淘汰。经过第二轮表决，慕尼黑获胜，赢得了第二十届 奥运会主办权。这是自罗马奥运会12年后奥运会再次回到欧洲举行。

　　中国台湾派出63中男女运动员参加了田径、游泳、柔道、摔跤、拳击、举重、射击、射箭、帆船和自行车共10个项目的比赛。

 

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可可西里 2008-07-15 09:54 | 只看楼主 树型| 收藏| 小 中 大 3 #

Re: 近10届奥运会背景介绍

第21届奥运会背景介绍

 
第21届奥运会背景介绍
第21届奥运会会徽

 

 


第21届奥运会吉祥物

 

 


第21届奥运会火炬

 

　　MONTREAL 1976

　　Opening date/p>

　　17 July 1976

　　Closing date/p>

　　01 August 1976

　　Country of the host city/p>

　　Canada (CAN)

　　Candidate cities/p>

　　Los Angeles (USA) and Moscow (URSS)

　　Sports:

　　21

　　The 1976 Montreal Games were marred by an African boycott to protest the fact that the national rugby team of New Zealand had toured South Africa and New Zealand was scheduled to compete in the Olympics. Women’s events were included for the first time in basketball, rowing and team handball. Fourteen-year-old gymnast Nadia Comaneci of Romania caused a sensation when, for her performance on the uneven bars, she was awarded the first-ever perfect score of 10.0. She eventually earned seven 10.0s. On the men’s side, Japan’s Shun Fujimoto broke his leg while completing his floor exercises routine. The Japanese team was engaged in a close contest with the Soviet Union, so Fujimoto kept his injury secret. But when he dismounted from the rings, he dislocated his knee and was forced to withdraw. The Japanese women’s volleyball team won all their matches in straight sets, and in only one of fifteen games did an opponent score in double figures. Individual stars included Klaus Dibiasi of Italy, who won his third straight gold medal in platform diving; Viktor Saneyev of Soviet Georgia, who won his third triple jump gold; and Irena Szewinska of Poland, winner of the 400m run, who brought her career total to seven medals - in five different events. Alberto Juantorena of Cuba put together the first 40m-800m double victory. Miklos Németh of Hungary won the javelin throw to become the first son of an athletics gold medalist to win a gold of his own. His father, Imre, had won the hammer throw in 1948. Clarence Hill of Bermuda earned a bronze medal in boxing’s super-heavyweight division to give Bermuda the honor of being the least populous nation (53,500) ever to win a medal in the Summer Olympics.

　　92 NOCs (Nations)

　　6,084 athletes (1,260 women, 4,824 men)

　　198 events

 

 

第21届奥运会背景介绍

　　加拿大蒙特利尔市曾先后五次申请主办奥运会。在争取1972年奥运会主办权时，几乎胜利在望，但最后以一票之差败于联邦德国慕尼黑。1970年在国际奥委会阿姆斯特丹年会上，蒙特利尔经过激烈的竞争，终于击败了对手美国洛杉矶、苏联莫斯科和意大利佛罗伦萨 三市，赢得了第二十一届奥运会的主办权.

　　本届奥运会美国再次受挫，第二的地位被民主德国取代。民主德国获40枚金牌、25枚银牌、25枚铜牌，而美国各类奖牌数依次为 34、35、25枚。苏联列奖牌榜第一，各类奖牌数依次为49、41、35枚，但苏联在田径和游泳方面明显逊色于民主德国，也感到了“第一”的 危机。
 

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可可西里 2008-07-15 09:55 | 只看楼主 树型| 收藏| 小 中 大 4 #

Re: 近10届奥运会背景介绍

第22届奥运会背景介绍
第22届奥运会背景介绍
第22届奥运会会徽

 

 


第22届奥运会吉祥物

 

 


第22届奥运会火炬

 

　　MOSCOW 1980

　　Opening date/p>

　　19 July 1980

　　Closing date/p>

　　03 August 1980

　　Country of the host city/p>

　　USSR (URS)

　　Candidate cities/p>

　　Los Angeles (USA)

　　Sports:

　　21

　　A U.S.-led boycott reduced the number of participating nations to 80, the lowest number since 1956. Aleksandr Dityatin earned medals in every men's gymnastics event to become the only athlete ever to win eight medals in one Olympics. Super-heavyweight Teófilo Stevenson became the first boxer to win the same division three times. Gerd Wessig became the first male high jumper to break the world record at the Olympics and swimmer Vladimir Salnikov broke the 15-minute barrier for the 1,500m. In adramatic confrontation, runners Steve Ovett and Sebastian Coe split the 800 and 1,500m.

　　80 NOCs (Nations)

　　5,179 athletes (1,115 women, 4,064 men)

　　203 events

　　5,615 media (2,685 written press, 2,930 broadcasters)

 

 

第22届奥运会背景介绍

　　申请主办本届奥运会的，只有苏联莫斯科和美国洛杉矶两个城市。1974年10月国际奥委会第75届会议决定，由莫斯科承办… …由于苏军在1979年圣诞节前夕出兵入侵阿富汗，践踏国际法准则，国际奥委会已承认的147个国家和地区奥委会，公开抵制或拒绝参加的占五 分之二，参赛的仅80个。

　　中华人民共和国奥委会的合法席位本来已在国际奥委会1979年10月的名古屋会议上得以恢复，从本届奥运会开始，中国运动员就可以正式参加奥运会了。正式而完整地参加奥运会是中国运动员自建国以来多年的夙愿，但为了维护奥林匹克精神和中国的国家利益，他们也服从 了中国奥委会于1980年4月24日发布的公告，放弃参加莫斯科奥运会。

 

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